Study On VOC Emission From Fibreboard And Particle Board By Rapid Testing Method

Mainly the emission test chamber method is used for Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) emission of wood products, but the chamber is expensive and the method is time-consuming, so it is bad for actual operation of manufacturing enterprises. In this study, rapid testing method is time-saving and low-cost. In this paper, rapid testing method was used for test VOC emission from high density fiberboard, medium density fiberboard and particle board. GC-MS was used to analyse the VOC types and concentration. To figure out the optimum condition of fibreboard and particle board VOC emission tested by rapid testing method and analyse characteristic of VOC emission tested by rapid testing method, at the same time to analyse correlation of VOC emission of wood-based panels tested by rapid testing method and the emission test chamber method. The results are listed as follows:(1) Under 24 different rapid testing method conditions with different temperature, different relative humidity and different air-exchange-rate-to-load-factor ratio, TVOC emission tendencies of high density fiberboard, medium density fiberboard and particle board were the same. High density fiberboard TVOC emission concentration was always the highest, followed by medium density fiberboard TVOC emission concentration and TVOC emission concentration of particle board was always the lowest. The emission components of the three wood-based panels were all alkene, arene, alkane, aldehyde, ketone, ester, alcohol and other material. In initial stage, VOC emission rules of the three wood-based panels under different conditions (except at 100 degree celsius) were similar, alkene emission concentration was always the highest, accounted for 25%-36% of TVOC emission concentration. The main emission substance of high density fiberboard and medium density fiberboard were all alkene, arene, alkane and ester, while the main emission substance of particle board were alkene, arene, alkane, aldehyde and ester.(2) The rule of VOC emission components at 100 degree celsius was different from that under other conditions. When other conditions were the same and the temperature up from 40 degree celsius to 80 degree celsius, TVOC and the main VOC emission concentration of the three wood-based panels all increased and the percentage of each main VOC emission concentration to TVOC concentration was similar, however, there wasn’t such rule when tested at 100 degree celsius. When compared with condition that at 80 degree celsius, emission concentrations of alkene, arene and alkane decreased and emission concentrations of aldehyde, ketone, ester, alcohol and other material increased a lot, some even increased over 100%.(3) By analysing the VOC emission tendency and components of high density fiberboard, medium density fiberboard and particle board under different rapid testing conditions, the the optimum condition was confirmed to be the condition with 80 degree celsius,60% relative humidity and 1 air-exchange-rate-to-load-factor ratio. The characteristic of VOC emission of the three wood-based panels tested by rapid testing method was that the emission tendency of TVOC and the main VOC concentration of the three wood-based panels were the same, the initial emission rate of alkene was higher than that of other main VOC emission substances and the monomeric compounds of the main VOC of the three wood-based panels were different.(4) TVOC emission tendencies of high density fiberboard, medium density fiberboard and particle board tested by the test chamber method and rapid testing method were the same and the test efficiency of rapid testing method was 67.86% higher than that of the test chamber method. The VOC emission substances and the main substances emitted from the three wood-based panels tested by the two methods were the same. Alkene was the emission substance with the highest concentration when tested by rapid testing method, however, it wasn’t the substance with the highest concentration when tested by the test chamber method, so it’s very easy to influence alkene emission concentration by changing external conditions. When compared with the test chamber method, TVOC emission types and concentration of the three wood-based panels tested by rapid testing method were all higher at initial stage, however, the differences of VOC emission between the two methods at equilibrium state were smaller than that at initial stage.(5) To evaluate TVOC equilibrium value of high density fiberboard, medium density fiberboard and particle board tested by the test chamber method and rapid testing method by linear fitting and obtain 3 linear equations and the fitting degree were all over 0.95 which close to 1, so TVOC equilibrium values of the three wood-based panels tested by the test chamber method and rapid testing method showed very good correlation. In conclusion, in order to increase efficiency, the rapid testing method could be used to test the TVOC emission value of high density fiberboard, medium density fiberboard and particle board in actual production. Moreover, the linear equations could be used to reckon up the TVOC equilibrium values of the three wood-based panels at normal temperature and pressure.