The Degradation And Ecological Compensation Research On The Yellow River Delta Wetland

With unique ecological landscape, wetland is formed by the land and water ecosystem. Ithas rich biological resources, water conservation, regulating climate, and many other ecologicalfunction. Wetland is home to the survival of many rare wild animals, and also the cradle ofhuman. It has high ecological value. However, according to the data of2014,with thedevelopment of society and economy, human impact on the wetland resources intensified. Thedecade wetland area is3.3963million hectares, nearly3.3762million hectares of natural wetlandarea reducing, and loss is as high as9.33%, and gradually increase the state of the wetlandecological threat factors greatly affected wetland area and ecological function. As a kind ofpublic resources, wetland has nature determines which can lead to excessive use of wetland,therefore we need to establish wetland ecological compensation to balance the developmentbetween developers and protector of the wetland resources.Through remote sensing technology and combining with the landscape pattern theory,analying Hekou, Kenli, Lijin and Dongying regional wetland landscape characteristics during theperiod of1995-2010. The results showe there are common degradation on the Yellow River deltawetland. Analying the reason of degradation on the Yellow River delta wetland using the methodof grey correlation. And according to the landscape pattern index to evaluate the four areas.Finally on the basis of the wetland degradation assessment, put forward different ecologicalcompensation recommendations.The main research conclusions are as follows:(1) Spatial and temporal variation characteristics of the Yellow River delta wetlandThe Yellow River delta wetland remote sensing diagrams of1990,2000,2006,2010showthat human activities plays a more and more affected on the wetlands, the study area are reducedand keep decreasing trend. The environment of Yellow River delta wetland is on degradation.(2) The Yellow River delta wetland degradation mechanismWith grey correlation analysis, the wetland degradation is influenced by natural factors,social factors, economic factors, and environmental pollution, the river runoff, sediment,population, urban area, aquatic products, industrial wastewater emissions impact on wetlanddegradation, wetland area presents the downward trend year by year. It shows the correlation ofthe number of inbound tourists is lowest at0.752. Therefore we can promote regional economicdevelopment through develop tourism.(3) Assessment results of wetland degradation Reference to literature, combining the actual conditions of the Yellow River delta wetlandecological environment, the index system can be divided into five level: no degradation, milddegradation, moderate degradation, moderate degradation and severe degradation. Theevaluation results showes that Hekou is0.532(severe degradation), Kenli is0.586(severedegradation), Lijin is0.812(mild degradation), Dongying is0.663(moderate degradation).(4) Ecological compensation proposal of the Yellow River delta wetlandAccording to the evaluation level, Lijin in mild degradation stage need to enhance thepublic awareness of wetlands protection and promotion of wetland ecological compensation;Dongying at the moderate degradation stage mainly adopts economic and ecologicalcompensation measures, which through calculating the products value of ecological value loss,oil and other energy and wetland tourism value to compenst. Hekou and Kenli county at thesevere degradation stage need to adop engineering measures for ecological compensation, whichhas the method of deep groove pressure alkaline salt, reed wetland or wetland park.