Synthesis Of ZnO/SB₂O₃ Nanocomposites And The Research Of Their Properties

With the developmetnt of the textile industry, flame retardant textiles already were transtioned from a single to a more function. Fiber according to purpose and requirements,should also have the performance such as flame retaedant.antibacterial,ultravioet.Therefore, it had become a hot to research multifunctional materials in the flame retardancy field.In this paper, antimony trioxide was the main research object, the antimony trioxide of small particle size and dispersivity was synthesized by sol-gel method; the octahedron antimony trimony was synthesized by ultrasonic method; the Zn O/Sb2O3 nanocomposites were synthesized byco-precipitation to achieve Sb2O3 versatility. The material were characterized through XRD, TEM, SEM, TG-DTA, XPS and other characterization methods. On this basis, the functional control evaluation of the material were completed based on the flame retardant experiment, antibacterial experiment and ultraviolet resistant experiment. The main research work and results are as follows:(Ⅰ) The antimony trioxide of small particle size and dispersivity was synthesized by sol-gel method. The products were obtained under PVP and 40℃, which were the best reaction surfactant and reaction temperature, and nano Sb2O3 particle size was 70 nm. The flame retardant of silk fabric treated by nano-Sb2O3 was obviously improved, and the smaller the particle size, the better its flame retardancy.(Ⅱ) The octahedron antimony trimony was synthesized by ultrasonic method. The octahedron antimony trimony of good dispersion, uniform size, good crystallinity,morphology regularhe were obtained under NH3H2 O and p H=9. Althouga there is a good flame retardant, but it is not better than nano-Sb2O3, because octahedron Sb2O3 particles islarge.( Ⅲ) The Zn O/ Sb2O3 nanocomposites were synthesized byco-precipitation. The material were characterized through XRD, TEM, SEM, TG-DTA, XPS and other characterization methods. On this basis, the functional control evaluation of the material were completed based on the flame retardant experiment, antibacterial experiment and ultraviolet resistant experiment. Specific conclusions are as follows:(1) Analysis by TG-DSC curve, the calcination temperature of the precursor was400 ℃. By XRD spectrum showed that: In Zn O/Sb2O3 composite powders with increasing levels of zinc oxide, Sb2O3 characteristic diffraction peaks gradually weakened, and when it reach a certain amount, XRD spectrum is entirely characteristic diffraction peaks of Zn O.Because of the XRD measurement is only the surface of the material composition,preliminarily concluded that Zn O parcel Sb2O3. By TEM images, it can be seen that Zn O covering on the surface of Sb2O3, which makes Sb2O3 do not directly contact with the skin,which makes a wider range of applications of Sb2O3. By XPS analysis, Zn O and Sb2O3 was simply compounded, and there is no change in each other’s mutual valence and structural properties in Zn O /Sb2O3 composite powders.(2) After Zn O and Sb2O3 were compounded, not only it did not reduce the flame retardant properties of Sb2O3, but enhanced the flame retardant properties of the material.And by analyzing, it is the best flame retardant composite powder when the content of Zn O arrive 20%.(3) Through the test of antibacterial experiment and ultraviolet resistant experiment to fabric treated by composite powders, after Zn O and Sb2O3 were compounded, not only it is enhanced to the flame retardant properties, but endowed material to antibacterial and ultraviolet resistant features.