Research On Synthesis And Performance Of Biodegradable Copolymers Water Hyacinth Superabsorbent Polymers

With the development of the economic, more and more superabsorbent polymers was used at much area of our manufacture. However, because of most of the superabsorbent polymers were maked by downstream of the oil product and a few quantity of cellulose and starch, which the oil product is limited and hard to degradate.and the raw materil is expensive and is lack of development,so it is necessary to find a alternative materils. Water hyacinth spreads rapid in a short time, destructing of the ecological balance,but it is a cheap and environmental materials and contains lots of cellulose. Making water hyacinth as raw materials of superabsorbent polymers will be significant. This not only can reduce superabsorbent polymers’ cost and its reliance on fossil fuel, but also can alleviate the ecological harm of water hyacinth and after the introduction of cellulose materials of superabsorbent polymers which can improve the biodegradable ability of superabsorbent polymers. Based on this, this paper designs the water hyacinth cellulose as raw material, after synthesising water hyacinth carboxymethyl cellulose, then structure-COOH,-NH3,-SO3H hydrophilic groups in carboxymethyl cellulose molecular, then preparation and characterization of the water hyacinth cellulose superabsorbent polymers.The specific work is as follows:The water hyacinth cellulose as raw material,85% ethanol as solvent and sodium hydroxide as alkali agent, chloroacetic acid as etherification agent, preparation of carboxymethyl cellulose with strong chemical activity in the ultrasonic microwave condition. Useing FT-IR to character chemical structure of CMC, SEM to test surface morphology of CMC. Studying the factors of synthesis condition, reaction mechanism and the reaction conditions. The results showed that:in the ultrasonic frequency 40kHZ, using two sodium hydroxide alkali method, two alkali ratio was 3:1, first, alkaline 1h at room temperature, chloroacetic acid content (and the cellulose mass ratio) was 1:1, lh etherification reaction at the temperature of 70 ℃, alkali reaction of 1h, the degree of substitution of CMC up to 1.28.Grafting compolymerzation of mixtures of multiple monomers onto CMC, the monnmers include acryic acid(AA), acrylic acrylamide(AM),2-acrylamide-2-methypropane sulfonic(AMPS). Emoplying potassium persulfate (KPS) as initiator and N,N’-methylenebisacrylamide (NMBA) as crosslinker, by inverse suspension method to synthesis CMC-co-AA, CMC-co-AA/AM, MC-co-AA/AMPS, CMC-co-AA/AM/AMPS superabsorbent composite. The use of FT-IR,SEM, TG, elemental analysis to analysis superansorbent. The reaction conditions were investigated, found that:the reaction temperature is 70 ℃, nitrogen oxygen conditions, oil/water ratio is 3:1, the neutralization degree of acrylic acid was 80%, KPS accounted for 2% of the sum of the monomer, monomer and NMBR accounted for 0.2%, four kinds of monomer composition and CMC ratio of water superabsorbent polymer CMC:AA= 1:8,CMC:AA:AM=1:4:4, CMC:AA:AMPS=1:6:3, CMC:AA:AM:AMPS=1:6:1:2, the corresponding deionized water absorbent polymer absorption rates were:950.3g/g,652.7g/g,1206.7g/g,831.7g/g; absorption salt ratio is:80.2g/g,72.1g/g,105.5g/g,63.1g/g. The concentration of 50ml/L solution and NO3-solution on PO43- removal rate were 42.4%,27.2%,61.3%,29.4%; 39.9%, 19.5%,44.7%,26.8%.The crystallization of superabsorbent polymer were tested, results showed that the copolymer is amorphous structure, which have good biodegradable. The use of black fungus and Bacillus subtilis biodegradation properties of the copolymer were tested, results showed that aspergillus niger on degradability of CMC-co-AA/AMPS、AA/AMPS were 59.3%,52.2%; Bacillus subtilis on degradability of CMC-co-AA/AMPS、AA/AMPS relationship were 48.5%,43.7% respectively;CMC-co-AA/AMPS surface colony number than that without adding water hyacinth cellulose superabsorbent colony number. Characterized before and after degradation of CMC-co-AA/AMPS and AA/AMPS polymers with FT-IR, comparing with AA/AMPS, water hyacinth superabsorbent resin degrade better,which provied the according to utilize water hyacinth.