Study On The Synthesis And Application Of Intumescent Flame Retardants Containing Boron Phosphor And Nitrogen

Recently, intumescent flame retardants (IFRs) have received a considerable attention because IFRs are of non-halogen, low toxicity, low smoke release and environmentally friendly. The formation of IFRs contain three ingredients: char source (pentarytheritol), acid source (ammonium polyphosphate) and gas source (melamine). IFRs contain the single-composition IFR and blended IFR. The blended IFRs are the low thermal stability, easily to damp, and can not be consistent with polymer material. The single-composition IFR can resolve these problems, but there are new problems such as single elementary composition and high cost. Boron is a low toxic element. Boride can instead of phosphide partially as a dehydrate agent in IFRs. Boron nitrogen and phosphor have synergistic effects in IFRs. There are many resources of boron in China. Boron can be propitious to commercial IFRs because of it's low cost.Melamine phosphate borate (MPB), a novel single-composition intumescent flame retardant, was synthesized, which contains boron nitrogen and phosphor. The structure of the product was confirmed by EDAX and IR. The effects of molar ratio, solvent's volume, reaction temperature and time, other factors of the reaction on the product yields were studied, and the optimal condition was obtained. Fire retarded epoxy resin of MPB (MPB/EP) was researched by the limiting oxygen index and The mechanism for flame retardancy of MPB was pilot studied. The flame retardancy of MPB is more excellent than the flame retardancy of melamine phosphate (MP) and melamine borate (MB) on sale.Nano-particles can be used to improve the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of fire retarded polymer because of their special property. Nanometer magnesium hydroxide and melamine phosphate borate (nano-MH/MPB), a novel nano-composition intumescent flame retardant, was synthesized by use of in-situ reaction method, in order to improve the flame retardancy of MPB. The structure of the product was confirmed by EDAX IR and XRD. The effects of reaction temperature and time on the dimension of magnesium hydroxide were researched. And the effects of mass ratio of magnesium hydroxide to MPB on the flame retardancy of nano-MH/MPB/EP was discussed by the limiting oxygen test. Then the mechanism for flame retardancy of nano-MH/MPB/EP was pilot studied by means of TG and IR of char layer method.