Control Of The Mesoporous Structure Of Materials Synthesis And Applications

Mesoporous materials show great potential of applications in many areas such as catalysis, adsorption and separation of macromolecules, chemical sensors, biomedicines, environmental remediation and new energy resources. Various mesoporous materials with numerous mesostructures, pore diameters, composites and morphologies have been reported. As the cross-linking of different scientific areas, there is still great challenge to design unique mesoporous materials to satisfy application requirements. This thesis mainly focuses on two aspects:developing new-synthetic methods for special mesoporous materials and nanomaterials, and exploring their applications in electrochemistry and biomedicine.Chapter 1 mainly reviewed the art of mesoporous materials, including synthesis, mechanisms, structural control and their applications in catalysis, biology, energy storage and water treatment.In chapter 2, ordered mesoporous monolithic materials were synthesized via a modified EISA approach. Ordered mesoporous silica and carbon monoliths with crack-free morphologies were prepared after further treatments. Remarkably, mesoporous carbon monoliths show bimodal pore size distribution, large surface areas and high pore volume, which perform wonderful electrochemical properties. The high capacity and excellent current charge/discharge property reveal that the mesoporous carbon is a good supercapacitor candidate.In chapter 3, several experimental parameters were systematically adjusted to obtain the mesoporous shell and solid core silica microspheres by using triblock copolymer as template. Based on characteristic measurement, a special mechanism of non-ionic template coating process is developed. The hydrophilic surface group and electrostatic interaction between core and micelle are crucial in the formation of these core-shell spheres. Furthermore, high temperature hydrothermal treatment was introduced to enlarge mesopore which encloses to the powder samples.In chapter 4, as-prepared magnetic microspheres were coated with an amorphous silica layer, and after multi-step functionalization, special anti-body molecules are grafted on the surface and quantified. Cell sorting of the functional magnetic microspheres in different size were tested by using commercial separation system. The results indicate that nanoparticles can effectively identify and enrich the target cell, which are similar to the expensive commercial nanoparticles. These core-shell magnetic nanoparticles show great potential in cell separation alternative application.