Electrodeposition Of Silver In The Ionic Liquid At Room Temperature

Because of such advantages as wide liquid temperature range, greater solubility, low vapor pressure, more suitable viscosity, higher electrical conductivity, stronger catalytic activity, etc, that aqueous solutions and traditional organic solvents do not have, the ionic liquids are known as green solvents. Now, the ionic liquids are widely used in the basic research and applied research fields of electrochemistry, organic synthesis, catalysis, separation and other. The application in the electro-deposition field is also very attractive.At first, in this paper, ionic liquids:1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM][BF4]) and 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Hexafluorophosphate(BMIM][PF6) were be characterized, and studied its electrochemical activity. Bcause of the poor solubility for metal salts, a new ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate ([BMIM][N03]) to increase the solubility for silver salt in ionic liquids was synthesized. The reaction of synthesis needs two steps. (1)The intermediate product of high purity could be synthesized that 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride([BMIM] Cl); (2)In synthesis of ionic liquids, there was no ionic liquid that we need appear in the processs of synthesize.because ionic liquid soluble in water made the ionic liquid yield very low.Secondly, electrodeposition for silver in the copper in the [BMIM][BF4] and [BMIM][PF6] two kinds of room temperature ionic liquids was studied. The Experiment happened in the ionic liquids which dissolved silver nitrate.then the technology was studied by changing the temperature, current density, plating time and other conditions.At last the X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy be used to characterize the silver coating. The experimental results showed that it was possible to electrodeposition silver plating on the copper body in the ionic liquid at the appropriate temperature, suitable current density and comfortable time. This method of electrodepositing is clean and green, that be in line with requirements of the green industrial production.It will be Meaningful for replacing research in the traditional high-polluting cyanide silver plating process.There are many advantages for technology of electrodeposition in ionic liquid. For example, a simple process of bath preparation, no additives, bath stability, smooth and dense electroplated coatings, non-toxic and non-pollution, etc. Therefore the technology has broad prospects of application. But in this paper the study of coating properties and mechanism on the deposition mechanism was not enough. In order to improve the quality of silver plating, it is significant to find alternative ionic liquid in which the solubility of silver will improve in the next research directions.