| Wayfinding is a kind of basic problem frequently meeting in our daily life. Wayfinding is to determine a route from an initial node to a termination node, and is a mental process to follow the route, the final target is finding a route from a initial node to a termination node.Spatial cognitive wayfinding studies people how locates oneself, how guides oneself in the space, and attempts to explain theoretically how the people do seek for the way, what space knowledge he needs in the real world, how to exchange the direction, as well as people's motion and visual ability how to affect wayfinding and so on.The problem of wayfinding based on spatial cognition has involved cognition theory, psychology, computer science, geography and so on; Wayfinding is paid attention by many researchers in lots of domains. Many overseas scholars have researched it. The typical models include TOUR model; a formal model of some aspects of the process of wayfinding; a model of scene space called schematic geometry and so on. The domestic research is less. Study about the wayfinding based on spatial cognition is attracting more and more domestic and foreign scholars and researchers' enormous interest.There are many situations involving to wayfinding in our work and life, for instance goes to a strange urban environment to handle business, goes to see a doctor or visit friends in a big city at first time, sightsees famous scenic spot and so on. Base on researching the knowledge of spatial cognition and wayfinding, three spatial cognitive wayfinding models are proposed in this paper, and Shaanxi Normal University ChangAn school is choosed as experiment environment to design and implement those models.The main work in this paper is listed as follows:1. A lot of information about spatial cognition and wayfinding both domestically and abroad is collected , the concepts of cognition, spatial cognition and geography spatial cognition are narrated firstly, summarize and compared theirs relations in detail, And then present knowledge of wayfinding——concept composition,methods,classification and so on.2. The paper elaborates comprehensively the existing typical wayfinding models——TOUR model and the wayfinding model based on process. The models' structures, compositions, limitations and so on are introduced in detail.3. It proposes three spatial cognitive wayfinding models——based on directional relationship of initial node and current node; directional relationship of destination node and current node; and signposts in the environment respectively. And uses graphic interface tool——MapXtreme and programming language——Java to simulate the process of a stranger finding a route in Shaanxi Normal University ChangAn school.4. The Shaanxi Normal University ChangAn school is choosed as experiment environment. First, carry on essential processing to Shaanxi Normal University ChangAn shool's horizontal plan——divide it into four layers. Second, memorize those data in the Oracle database, it can realize fast access and maintenance, and embody the superiority of the database storage space data.The main innovation work in this paper is putting forward three spatial cognition wayfinding models, which is based on directional relationship of initial node and current node; directional relationship of destination node and current node; signpost in the environment respectively. The difference of these three models reflects in cognitive perspective to space environment, and these models use different evaluation functions to determine the next visited node. Definitions of the evaluation functions in the first two models are based on judgment of directional relationship; the last model is based on information of signpost. And then construct the experimental chart in the Shaanxi Normal University ChangAn school district's horizontal plan foundation. Combine MapXtreme with Java to design the model system and simulate the model. This system frame includes three constituents: spatial databases, main algorithm, and user interface. |
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