The Balance Of Road Pricing With Elasticity Of Demand Flow Model

With the fast development of social and economy in China, the urban traffic problem has become a major obstacle for the development of social economy. Collecting toll for road jammed with traffic as an effective measure for managing traffic problem is becoming matter of concern for transport economists and traffic engineers. In this field, the wide research has been done in different ways. This thesis mainly discusses the optimal model of toll-road under elastic demand.Firstly, for a traffic network equilibrium question under elastic demand, this thesis proposes an equivalent variational inequality model by using the network user equilibrium theory. And a numerical example is given to indicate that the parameter of the model affects the solutions of the model.Furthermore, the bi-level programming model of the toll-road is developed. The upper model is for maximum consumer surplus, while the lower variational inequality model is for user equilibrium with elastic demand. Then based on sensitivity analysis method, a heuristic algorithm is proposed to solve the restricted problem which is equivalent to original user equilibrium problem with elastic demand. At last, a numerical example is provided.