Environment And Trace Elements In Biological Samples By Atomic Spectroscopy Method

Precious metals were considered to be "vitamin of modern industry" in the past 20th century. With the wide use in many fields, more and more precious metals are taken into environment. The concentrations of many kinds of them significantly exceed natural background values. As the research moves on, precious metals are found to be harmful to human's health, and the pollutions they have brought to environment cann't be overlooked. Metals' background value in human bodies reflects the extent of pollution that they have brought to environment. This research is helpful in providing evidence for the environmental pollutions produced by these metal elements.Heavy metals such as lead, mercury and arsenic, are very poisonous to human's health. They can enter into human body through drinking water, eating food, breathing and smoking. If there are such heavy metals in cigarette packaging materials, they can do harm to the smokers. In our country, there are not standard methods to determine the inorganic poisonous elements in cigarette packaging materials.The content of this paper is as follows:1. New graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) methods together with organic solvent extraction to determine precious metals' contents in environmental and biological samples have been set up. In acidic medium the reaction of precious metal and developer produces a stable complex. After extracted with organic solvent, the organic phase is injected into the instrument directly. The instrumental operation parameters and the reaction conditions such as ashing temperature, atomic temperature, different kinds of coating layers and organic solvent, reagents' concentration which affect the determination have been optimized respectively. And then, the method is more sensitive and selective than ever. Under the optimum conditions the detection limit is 2.5×10^-11g for palladium, 1.8×10^-l2g for gold and 6.0×10^-13g for silver. There are good linear relationships between absorption intensity and the concentrations of palladium, gold and silver across the range of 0⁵0 ng/ml, 0²0 ng/ml and 0—20 ng/ml, and with a correlation coefficient of 0.9987,0.9992 and 0.9994 correspondently. The relative standard deviation is 3.6% for palladium, 2.9% for gold and...