Magnetotactic Bacteria Method And Mode Bacteria Amb-1 Physiological Characteristics Of Study

Magnetotactic bacteria (also called Magnetic bacteria) are widespread aquatic microorganisms that use unique intracellular organelles to navigate along the Earth's magnetic field, and such navigation is known as magnetotaxis. These organelles, called magnetosomes, consist of membrane-enclosed magnetite crystals that are thought to help to direct bacterial swimming towards growth-favouring microoxic zones at the bottom of natural waters. Overall, magnetotsome crystals have narrow size ranges (single magnetic domain size range), species-specific crystal morphologies and exhibit specific arrangements within the cell. During the past 30 years, researchers from several laboratories have made significant progress in elucidating the ecology, screening, phylogenesis, physiology and biotechnological applications of magnetic bacteria. Also, the molecular biological, biochemical, chemical and genetic mechanisms of magnetosome formation have been explored intensively.Magnetospirillum sp. AMB-1 was first isolated from freshwater sediment collected from a natural spring at Kognei (Tokyo) by Matsunaga et al. It can grow under both aerobic and microaerobic conditions, forming white or black-brown colonies on or in agar plates. AMB-1 cells grown under microaerobic conditions are able to synthesize magnetosomes, with an average diameter of 50nm, arranged in a chain. Although researchers from several laboratories have made a great deal of progress in several aspects such as genome sequencing, the process of magnetosome biomineralization and its biotechnological applications, details of the process of magnetosome synthesis are far from well elucidated. On the other hand, the yield of magnetosomes is still too low to be applied on a large scale. Because of the lack of necessary Bacteriodrome and appropriate research methods, magnet-sensitive bacteria and microorganisms containing electron opaque particles were sometime mistaken for magnetic bactria, which also hinders the research development in this field.With Magnetospirillum sp. AMB-1 at hand, we have carried out experiments from several aspects and results achieved are as follows:...