Identify The Free Radical New Fluorescent Probes Developed For Single-cell Imaging And Flow Injection Analysis

Numerous free radicals are generated in the course of biology metabolism, such as: superoxide anion radicals (O2-·), hydroxyl radicals (HO?), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and ROO·. The hydroxyl radicals, the strongest oxidants to be well known, are thought be generated within cells and tissues, where it can attack proteins, lipids and DNA. More important, it can initiate secondary radicals that can produce irreparable damages. Therefore, hydroxyl radicals have been suggested to play a critical role in many pathological processes. Nitric oxide was found to be smallest, lightest, simplest biological information molecule in the body, which was named endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) in the past. In 1980's, it was proved that nitric oxide function as endothelium-derived relaxing factor in the body. Nitric oxide was synthesized through L-arginine catalyzed by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the cell, whose physiology action has an intimate relation with cardiovascular system, nervous system, urination system, immune system and venereal excitation. Furchgott, Ignarroand and Murad, who found that nitric oxide was an information molecule in the cardiovascular system, was award Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1998.Therefore, biological research on nitric oxide was performed in many countries. It is well known that hydroxyl radical and nitric oxide have damages on organisms and have gotten great attention in the 20th century, but the short lives and low concentration of free radicals mean to the determination difficult, especially the determination in vivo and in situ has no breakthrough. In addition, there exist the anti-oxidation systems preventing the damages of free radicals in organisms. Up to date, it cannot be observed the dynamic generation of reactive oxygen species in some organs. Enough cognition and sufficient experimental evidences of their generation mechanism, physiological action and dynamic damages on organisms are not acquired. Therefore, the therapy effects of many diseases in clinic are limited and they are main obstacles to the plant cultivation in adversity. So it is one of challenging scientific researches in analytical chemistry, in which novel analysis and determination...