Low Signal To Noise Ratio Of Seismic Data Processing Technology Research

In the regions of the east plain, the geological conditions of the surface vary little, so the effective reflected waves in the original seismic data are relatively stable, the static correction problem and all kinds of disturbance are not much obvious and the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) is relatively higher. A set of methods for processing the relatively stable seismic data have been established in the routine processing.However, for the seismic data from the low SNR region with complex surface, because of the complicated surface and underground geology conditions and the poor transmitting/receiving conditions, there exist severe static correction problem and strong disturbance in the original records so that the effective reflected waves can not be identified in the records, the SNR in the original records is low and the static correction problem is severe. The needs of geological task cannot be met with the routine seismic processing methods, which influences badly exploring and developing this kind of area.According to such characteristics in the low SNR region as complex surface geological condition, steep underground construction, severe static correction problem and low SNR of the records, combined with the practical conditions of the original seismic data and with the good use of the person-to-computer inter-workstation, based on solving the static correction problem better in the complex region, started from eliminating all kinds of the disturbance accurately and improving the SNR of the seismic data, and aimed at obtaining high quality stacking image results in the low SNR region, all kinds of conditions that exist in the original data and their forming mechanisms are analyzed carefully. Combined with the high-and-new techniques in the field of geophysics, and by comparing and analyzing the different techniques and methods, the positive effect and the negative influence of every technique are known correctly, and the processing modules and parameters are chosen reasonably. By re.According to characteristics of the seismic data from the low SNR region with complex surface, this paper is started from solving the static correction problem and reasonable eliminating all kinds of disturbance in the seismic data from the low SNR region with complex surface. Through the whole process of seismic data processing which includes a series of processing methods that are suitable for the low SNR region, namely, from the choosing of the floating base-level, the static correction in the field and indoors, the eliminating of all kinds of noise before and after stacking, the velocity analysis with high-resolution, the reasonable techniques of deconvolution before stacking and wavelet processing after stacking, to the method choosing of the high-resolution stacking and the reasonable and accurate offset imaging, a set of the complete and effective flow for processing seismic data from the low SNR region with complex surface are finally formed, which can meet the need of explo.