Hainan Wild Compositae Genetic Markers

The chromosome number of fourteen wild species in the Compositae family in Hainan was counted. The karyotypes often of them were analysed. The RAPD fingerprints and systematics of thirty wild species including the fourteen wild species mentioned and two cultivars in the family were studied. These were intended to provide theoretical reference at the cytological and molecular lever for species identification,systematics study and breeding work of these plants.The karyotypes of the ten species have never found reported before. The results as follows:Tithonia dz'versj/o//a.2n=34=26m+8sm(2sat),2A type;Eclipta prostrata 2n=22=18m+4sm,1A type;Synedrella nodiflora 2n=40=6m+30sm(2sat) +4st,2B type;Bidens pilosa ( yellow flower) 2n=72=46m+26sm(2sat),2A type;Bidens pilosa ( white flower) 2n=72=40m (2sat) +32sm(4sat),2A type;Tridax procumbens 2n=36= 8m+22sm (2sat)+6st,2B type;Eupatorium odoratwn 2n=60=46m+14sm(2sat),2A type;Emilia sonchifolia 2n=20=4m+14sm+2st(lsat),3B type;Vernonia cinrea 2n=18=18m(4sat),1A type;Elephantopus tomentosus 2n=22=22m(4sat),1A type.The chromosome number of the other four species were 2n=40 for Gynura crepidioides and Ageratum conyzoides,2n=34 for Parthenium hysterophorus and 2n=56 for Wedelia chinensis.The 32-species-RAPD fingerprints were obtained from 8 random primers (S36,S40,SI79,S221,S389,S397,SI286,SI367),and the RAPD family tree was established using the data from the fingerprints. The special bands of the S40 fingerprints were the most obvious,which could identify the 32 species. This could be used as important reference for germ plasm identification.The position about three kinds of Lactuca brevirostris was discussed. The lanceolate-leaf Lactuca brevirostris and the linear-leaf Lactuca brevirostris were possibly two subspecies and two kinds of lanceolate-leaf Lactuca brevirostris were possibly different species,lanceolate-leaf Lactuca brevirostris 2 might be a variant or an external species. We suggested that the yellow flower Bidens pilosa and the white flower Bidens pilosa be divided into two subspecies. The evolution sequence of 5 genera in Trib. Belianthanae cass and the upper limit of RAPD marker in the Compositae family were also discussed.