Monitoring And Evaluation Of Land Use And Ecological Environment In Huma County

Researches on Land use and the ecological changes now are the frontier problem for discussion in the researches on the global environment change. However, studies on the dynamic change case of Land use and environment changes are one of the most important ways to understand global changes. The research of monitoring and evaluation about land use and environment in Huma County could provide effective decision for rational use, development and protection of the regional land use, and was important and practical for coordinated development of ecology, economy and environment. In this paper, Huma County, which is located in the Daxing mountain, was monitored and evaluated on land use and the ecological environment, with the methods of Remote Sensing and GIS. In this paper, the study data were the Landsat satellite Remote Sensing data in 1990 s,2000s,2009, combined with Huma County topographic maps, thematic maps of land use, Huma County Almanac data. The three times of Huma County Land use were obtained from the interpretation of Remote Sensing data. The changes of Huma County land use and vegetation cover were dynamic monitored. The driving mechanism of the land use change was studied with the method of principal component analysis. The ecological environment of Huma County was evaluated with the various ecological environment index, which were integrated from the Remote Sensing data, with the method of integrated scoring.The results of monitoring and evaluation about land use and environment in Huma County were as follows:Forest was the major land use type in Huma County, followed by bare ground and agricultural land. There was a great change of land use in Huma County from 1990 to 2009. In two decades, the area of forest was reducing all the time, with a corresponding increase of the bare land. The change of the last ten years was severer than the first ten years. In 1990, the high vegetation cover accounts for most of all. In 2000, the percentage of the high vegetation cover was decreased with the increasing of the mid-high vegetation cover. In 2009, the high vegetation cover was a only a small part, with a great part of the mid-high vegetation cover. In general, the vegetation cover was declining in the two decades. The first driving forces of land use change was agricultural production, and the second driving forces of land use change was the industrial economy. The environmental quality level of Huma County was good In 1990, and was at a general level in 2000 and 2009. Although the environmental quality level was not good in 2009, the overall ecological environment of Huma County was toward recovery, good stability direction.