| Characterized by a fragile Ecological environment, increasing farmers' income and ecological restoration are two main demand in Loess Hilly and Gully region. Ecological agriculture with commodity can make behavior process satisfied the two demand organic combination, and achieve the coupling relationship between ecological system and economic system. Based on thorough investigation in study region, the location, structural, functional characteristics, coupling effect and system coupling of ecological agriculture with commodity were analyzed, in addition, coupling relationship of ecological agriculture with commodity was analyzed from the view of farmers, besides this, it also had empirical analysis and prediction for Xiannangou watershed applied coupling degree and coupling process model, then put forward countmeasures for ecological agriculture with commodity in Loess Hilly-gully region.(1) Ecological agriculture with commodity is beneficial to optimizing resource allocation, promoting technology progress, speeding industry optimization upgrading, improving environmental quality, maintaining ecological balance and realizing the "win-win" target with economic development and the water and soil conservation. It would produce bigger social, economic and ecological effects with coupling of ecological agriculture with commodity system in Loess Hilly-gully region.(2) Coupling relationship of ecological agriculture with commodity system in loess hilly-gully region was analyzed with the method of SEM. The result indicated that agricultural industry has direct effect on coupling situation of ecological agriculture with commodity system, which means agricultural industry constitutes the main body of ecological agriculture with commodity construction, and the coupling situation determined understanding of ecological environment and social development by farmers; agricultural resource, farmers'environment and agricultural industry are related to each other, and the changing of agricultural resource and farmers'environment influence coupling situation of farmers'eco-economic system by the development of agricultural industry, and the influence of resource is bigger than the influence of farmers'environment. The result is consistent with the concept of ecological agriculture with commodity, and further validates practical significance to build ecological agriculture with commodity in Loess Hilly-gully region. The results also suggested that for the purpose of high efficient development of ecological agriculture with commodity, it should improve understanding degree of social economic development of farmers, utilize agricultural resource rationally and effectively, promote optimizing coupling of industry and agricultural resource.(3) Coupling situation of ecological agriculture with commodity was analyzed by the model of coupling degree in Xiannangou watershed. The result indicated that with the continuous building of ecological agriculture with commodity agricultural ecological system and economic system were improved and they were in harmonious development stage, but the further development of the system has latent crisis. Applied coupling process model analyzed coupling process of ecological agriculture with commodity and two kind of possible development trend under returning farmland situation. The result indicated that there was positive correlation between the development trend of agriculture ecological system and evolution speed of the economic system and ecological system; there was positive correlation between the development trend of agriculture economic system and the economic system evolution speed, and negative correlation between the development trend of agriculture economic system and the ecological system evolution speed, which means the agriculture ecological system and agricultural economic system had close relationship. According to evolution path during the period 2001-2009, it ensured that the ecological system did not appear reverse succession situation, and critical point of agricultural economic system influenced the ecosystem was en( t )= 1.14×el(t). Win-win of ecology and economy was realized by establishing benign system coupling under the restriction of threshold.(4) Based on the above analysis, the benign development strategy for coupling of ecological agriculture with commodity system was put forward in Loess Hilly-gully region; industrial structure of ecological agriculture with commodity was optimized, coupling function effect of ecological agriculture with commodity was improved,; related industry development was supported; the ecological threshold determined and the reasonable policies was implemented ; the reasonable and perfect institutional guarantee system was established. |
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