Study On Adverse Effects Of Motorway Toll System On Urbanization

The rapid growth of motorways has greatly improved the status of land transport, which not only provides a favorable external environment for urban development, but also accelerates urbanization. In China, the early construction of motorways faced a huge funding gap, and then the toll system was adopted. The toll system stimulates the motorway to be a great industry, but at the same time, the toll system also inhibits the socio-economic development to some extent. So this paper tries to research the impact of toll system on the urbanization.In the theoretical analysis, the meaning of urbanization was re-defined, and it contains two kinds of meanings or processes, one is the population assemble in cities and suburbs, which is physical properties of urbanization. The second is that the urban and rural factors collide and then upgrade into a new lifestyle, which is chemical reaction of urbanization. Besides, the contacts between urban and rural residents can promote the urbanization, especially the chemical reaction process, as the main way. On this basis, the paper analyses the impact of toll system on the urbanization. The toll system inhibits the progress of urbanization. It leads the ascent of transportation costs, which increases the migrant expenditure for the urban and rural residents. Secondly, it diminishes the spectrum of urban radiation, abates the capacity of motorway to drive the regional economy. Thirdly, it aggravates the urban-rural barrier, highlights the advantages of living in urban.In order to prove whether the toll system hinders the urbanization in China, this paper surveys 220 passengers in Xi'an and Yangling to find the factors which affect the demand of motorway-traveled contacts, and the differences between motorway-traveled communication and normal communication. For the statistical methods, this paper uses the descriptive statistics, correlation test, difference test and the regression model, in order to discover the features and influence factors of individuals'motorway -traveled intercourse. Differently from the previous papers which only theoretically described the "chemical reaction" of urbanization, this paper tries to express the intensity of chemical reaction of urbanization from the angle of intercourse between the urban and rural inhabitants. And then uses this medium to analyze the adverse effects of toll system on the urbanization. In addition, this paper transcends the boundaries of toll system and urbanization from the point of view above. On top of that, the empirical study makes the impact of toll system on motorway having realistic meaning. After the empirical analysis, this paper believes the charging system is the reason why there is a low number of motorway-traveled intercourse, and the motorway-traveled intercourse accounts for a small proportion of normal intercourse. Besides, the higher the fees are; the lower utility individuals have. In addition, there are no significantly differences between the high-income and the low-income groups in motorway-traveled choices. Based on the analysis above, the paper proposes to speed up the reformation of the motorway operational mechanism, etc.