Study On Influence Factors To Emergency Evacuation In Subway Fire

As an important part of modern city public traffic system, subway, which has the characteristics of large freight volume, high speed, less pollution, low energy consumption and comfortable, plays an important part in the development and utilization of underground space. However, because all the subway's construction, equipment and operation are under the ground and there is larger internal personnel dense while less external connected export, tremendous potential safety problems lies in the emergency evacuation process when fire accident happened suddenly. Once crowded trample accident took place in the emergency evacuation, the evacuate process might be delayed and heavy casualties even might be caused. Therefore, make further research for influence factors to subway fire emergency evacuation; provide reasonable guidelines to performance-based fire protection design for subway designers, reasonable emergency management basis for metro operation manager& government departments and effective technical assistance for the fire department, has important realistic meaning and practical value. In this paper, influence factors to subway fire emergency evacuation were analyzed quantitatively, and the main content could be showed as follows.(1) With the development of subway both at home and abroad in considered, statistical analysis to subway accidents occurred during nearly forty years was made, subway fire reasons were analyzed from three aspects, people, things and management, and the research significance of influence factors to evacuate was showed.(2) Four basic problems of subway fire evacuation, namely, where is dangerous, who needs to be evacuated, how to evacuate and where is safe, were proposed and analyzed. Evacuees, evacuation route and safety area in different fire scenario were summarized. The judge of evacuate safely in subway fire was studied and the influence factors to evacuate safely were analyzed detailed.(3) With the help of BuildingEXODUS, six dynamic simulations of emergency evacuation process through some subway station to different fire evacuation scene were made, and relevant data were got.(4) With total elapsed time, cumulative wait time and average personal elapsed time three indexes as reference, the grey comprehensive relational analysis method and the grey point relational analysis method were used to calculate the grey correlation between each influence factor and the conclusion, that the grey incidence order of the influence factors is average evacuation distance(?)total number of people to be evacuated(?)average response time(?)mns(?)average age(?)proportion of male and female(?)ops, was got.