The Research About Tea House Of The Song Dynasty

The development of the Song Dynasty tea House industry have reached a new high level in the history of China, in particular, the capital represented by Kaifeng of the Northern Song Dynasty and Lin'an of the Southern Song Dynasty, had a large number of tea houses, dotted all over the city's bustling central business district, residential neighborhood streets, beautiful scenery and places of the lake and so on; there were also lots of business type of the tea houses, it mainly include the tea house only for drinking teas, prostitutes teahouses, tea house for entertainment, tea house for different professions and so on. More importantly, during the Song Dynasty, the tea house industry has gone through a gradual process of evolution, the Northern Song Dynasty is still the early stages of the tea house industry, tea is still the main business, and the business type of the tea house is relatively homogeneous, and the tea house in the Southern Song Dynasty had been classified and had more characteristics according to different people, tea house in Lin'an had more categories than Kaifeng obviously, the classification of services was more detailed to the specific consumer groups, it is can be said that this is the milestone in the history of China's tea house industry, it enhanced the tea house industry's whole competitiveness in the big family of Chinese catering industry, and it also promoted the tea house industry to flourish further.The development of society and economic of Song Dynasty promoted the prosperity of the tea house industry, but also brought the intra-industry competition inevitably, the increasing competition forced the tea house operators must be flexible and innovative in the business strategy and management methods, and developed it continuously. In the aspect of business model, the variety of operating means, new forms of propaganda, clever architectural style, rich entertainment services, and other business methods are a sensible way to win in the business. In the aspect of the management methods, capable of service, an explicit collaboration division, the organization of standardization and other measures had been adopted by the operators of Song Dynasty into the day-to-day management. At last, the Song Dynasty tea house industry rose in a large number of the catering industry, stood out and prospered, to become the major carrier of inheriting the Chinese tea culture.The tea house of Song Dynasty had been covered lots of social functions, such as leisure catering function, economic and cultural functions, information exchange function and so on, therefore ,it played a significant role and can not be ignored in the daily life of the people who lived in the Song Dynasty. Tea house industry was a product of social development in the Song Dynasty, it was also a new member of the catering industry at that time, and people in all walks of life in the Song Dynasty had the different awareness about the tea house. First of all, the aristocratic class in the Song Dynasty lack of social experience from visited the grass-roots level, almost ignored the existence of tea house or to take the attitude of disdain. Secondly, the scholar-officials which account for a large percentage of the officials in the Song Dynasty was divided into two completely different views on the existence of the tea house, the officials who on the top of the scholar-officials believed that the tea house was filthy and vulgar, firmly resist the tea house, even wrote it into the family motto, to educate their children and future generations should never set foot in one of them. But some officials who in the lower part of the ruling class were not excluded on the tea house, they usually had a embarrassing economic situation relatively, they also recognized that tea house had the actual beneficial function to the society, with no generalizing, but to participate into it actively, left a very precious historical data about the Song Dynasty tea house. Finally, Song Dynasty tea house provided a new social stage for gathering, recreation and leisure for the public. Therefore, they had become the main force of tea house industry, from the operator to the consumer, almost all the members were the people from the middle or lower classes, and they promoted the development, progress and prosperity of the tea house industry.There are many reasons for the prosperity of the Song Dynasty tea house, and it has far-reaching effects to the society. The tea house industry of the Song Dynasty was booming with the combined effect of the politic, economy and culture of that time, Song Dynasty tea house also plays a very profound social impact on leisure live of people from all walks of life. At the same time, traditional leisure culture provides an important reference for the tourist leisure activities of the modern society, and it also left a valuable historical experience and cultural wealth for the human. It can be said, Song Dynasty's tea house is a social stage of the people who in a historical era, is vividly reflected a generation of the feudal dynasty, is a beautiful picture of history and traditional culture.