A Study On Improving The Identification Basis Of Government Accounting

Since the end of 1980s, many developed countries have started accrual basis reformation of government accounting in order to avoid the fiscal predicament brought by high deficit and liability. Now the reformation wins initial success. In our country, from the implement of positive fiscal policy in 1998, we issued long-term constructive national debt continuously, which proliferated national debt scope and increased liability risk. Meanwhile the actual government accounting adopts cash basis accounting which lacking specific accounting information target, so that a large quantity of government liability dissociates from government accounting system, consequently accumulates and conceals fiscal risk in a great deal. Obviously, as per the situation of China and using the experience of developed countries'government accounting to control the fiscal risk for reference, research on government accounting reformation also becomes the important task which deserves discussing.This article systematically analyses the internal relationship between government accounting and fiscal risk management, the limitation existing in information provided by Chinese government accounting and the effect to fiscal risk management based on analyzing the two functions of government accounting—calculate and control. At the same time, from the view of enforcing fiscal risk management, following by increasing government liability information quality, this article advances basic thought and scheme for importing accrual basis reformation in government liability accounting by using the experiences of western governments accounting accrual basis reformation and our own experience of enterprise accounting for reference.The paper is arranged as follows according to the above thinking:PartⅠintroduces the background of this study, the theoretical and practical value and its basic concepts, making clear the research idea and methods.PartⅡis literature review, mainly summarizing the important achievements made abroad in the fields of fiscal risk and government accounting reform. Through comparing the theoretical research of experts in and abroad, it tries to figure out the issue hardly involved in government accounting and then puts forward the study areas of this paper.PartⅢobserves the current situation of government accounting in China from the perspective of fiscal risk. It firstly introduces the defects in the calculation of the liabilities in our government accounting, and then analyzes the influences that current government accounting system has made to fiscal risk management, further illustrating the limitations mentioned before. At last it comes to that the core mission for government accounting reform in China is to import accrual based accounting into liability calculation.PartⅣfocuses on the government accounting reform in importing accrual accounting. Based on the successful experience in accounting reform from other countries and the practical reference in corporate accounting of our government, this chapter makes an analysis to the advantages that accrual accounting has in controlling fiscal risk. Moreover, it also probes into some typical measures in importing accrual accountingPartⅤConclusion and expectation. This chapter concludes the main content of the article and expects the reformation of Chinese government accounting.This thesis has four innovations mainly. First is to discuss the government accounting reform in China from a particular perspective with the combination of government accounting and fiscal risk management, in an effort to enforce the governmental management to fiscal risk; second one: the paper analyzes the actual government accounting of the government liability, the proliferating scope of government recessive and contingent liability which is caused by the actual government accounting and the influence on the fiscal risk management in our country; third ,it not only learns from the experience of government reform from western countries, but also gets some practical reference from the development of corporate accounting; The creativity also lies in its suggestion provided that the Conservatism Principle should be employed into the recognition and measurement of government liabilities so that liabilities from contingent items would be appropriately recognized and measured, and further more reflected in the total amount of liabilities in government balance sheet.