The Study On Foreign Trade In Modern Kuangxi (from 1877 To 1936)

Due to the restriction in information, quantitative analysis, the long-term trend of trade, commodity structure, terms of trade, trade balance, the relations between foreign trade and new industry , and the traditional regional trade and etc.are relatively weak in the modern academic research in foreign trade in Guangxi.With the help of the latest publication of the customs statistics ,the decade reports of the customs and other original files, the paper mainly uses quantitative empirical analysis, combining Methods in comprehensive analysis and case studies, and under the guidance in relevant international trade theory, to study on the subjects concerned.The paper is divided into four main parts:The first part of the paper is an introduction to the Modern foreign trade in Guangxi. After the quantitative study on the long-term changes in Guangxi's foreign trade in modern times, I found that several major factors, such as the war at home and abroad, the long-term exchange rate changes, the climate changes, the growth law of certain crops, sudden social movement had led to long-term changes in trade. Meanwhile, Guangxi's foreign trade in modern times has four main features. In order to facilitate the paper's achievement, I made a certain amendment in the modern Guangxi direct foreign trade for each year, as well as inspected the national products import trade which scholars has pay less attention to.The second part has mainly made more detailed quantitative analysis on the commodity structure of Guangxi's foreign trade, comprehensive terms of trade, single terms of trade. From the view of the commodity structure, at first, the daily necessities were mainstream in imported goods. With the accelerated modernization of Guangxi, the demand for western capital goods had been enhanced. But later the national products gradually replace the western industrial products. On exports, at first the resource goods kept pace with primary hand goods, latter the specialty resources goods was fading. From the changes in terms of trade, before the 20th century, the specialty goods in Guangxi still had strong competitiveness, but later the advantage has gradually lost.Moreover, this part also study on the statistics and ways of trade balance which the predecessors has seldom involved in.In the third part, with the case of trade for silk goods, by the analysis of the development process of silk industries pulled by the foreign trade, silk products trade routes, number, the commodity structure, and other aspects and the evaluation of this emerging trade, the paper made a perspective of the relations between foreign trade and the development of new industries.In the fourth part, by the analysis of the phenomenon of betel nut trade between Hainan and Guangxi, the number of trade, trade routes, the driving force of trade, the paper pointed out that the old rhythm of traditional regional trade has not changed and the traditional regional trade also had a development trend during rise and fall of modern foreign trade, and its rapid perish had not occurred.In the introduction, the paper also made a brief review in modern customs in Guangxi and historical value of its related files.