Study On The Affrostation Of Imperial Mausoleum Ruins In The Guanzhong Region, Shaanxi Province

Because of'Beijing Ren'Ruins in ZhouKouDian as the first cultural heritage in China being included in"World Heritage Directory"in 1987, the job of Chinese heritage protection had been confirmed by the people all of the worle, and that also in cidated the beginning of the heritage protection in China. There are too much heritage ruins here and there in Shaanxi province China, and Guanzhong region is the most intensively distributed cultural heritage in Shaanxi province.[0] There are many cultural heritages about emperors'mausoleum ruins of all the past dynasties, attracted the eyes of the world people because of its special culture background and thoughtfulness. However, in China, the study region in the defination of mausoleum Ruins-building and establishment of protection system is a blank space. The fifteenth conference of international historic spot ruins council held in the ancient city, xi'an, October 17th～21st ,2005, the theme for discussion :"Historic spot ruins and its around environment——the unceasingly changed cites and towns and protection the cultural heritage in the natural landscape"was brought up at the confercence, which provides a nuprecedented critical point of time forus to launch the works of protection ruins afforestation. To protect the mausoleum Ruins is not only to protect itself, but also need to protect its around environment. So, ruins afforestation's protection is also a very important content of the ruins protection. This paper detailedly introduced the present situation of ruins afforestation in Guanzhong region, we found the change of natural climate and the effect of human activities resulted in the grave destruction of mausoleum ruins afforestation in Guanzhong region; futuremore, laggard concept and unsuitable protection made the desdrction degree ruins afforestation become more and more critical. The protection of mausoleum ruins afforestation with very important significance and influence——protection mausoleum ruins and its related cultural relics, promotion the exploitation and development of tourism indusry, establishment good ecological environment, making residents'income increased through giving consideration to production and so on.Based above , the problems during ruins afforesting were solved, the conception of ruins afforestation protection was brought up, the system of ruins afforestation protection and the design methods of essential sector of an area were trial established through analysis the existing mausoleum ruins and its afforesting present situation.Firstly, this paper detailedly elaborated the difficult problems and their solutions and brought up protection tactics in accordance with"preservation","perfection","protection"and"renewed design", and in light with the principle:"general consideration firstly, then in part","considering weight-bearing point first of all","esteeming history"and"satisfying future"to draw up protection methods of mausoleum ruins afforestation.Secondly, the present situation and shortcomings of mausoleum ruins afforestation protection were generalized, and corresponding retrieved and design measures——comprehensive and all-round design , temporary form, all-round reinstating and well style and features, were adress based on its shortcomings.In the end, based on the present situation of mausoleum ruins afforestation ,took the ruins protection as first objective, designed the afforesting pattern for the mausoleum ruins afforestation. The afforesting area Calculating formula was M=G*(A+B+C+D+E+F), the afforesting proportion of arbor, bush and grass is 5:4:1(in term of their afforesting covered area) or 1(1～2):10:30 ( one defoliation arbor, or 1～2 evergreen arbors, ten bushes every 30 m2, the afforesting thought was siutable arrangement plants adopted the manner:"the small parks existed in the large park",as well as analysis the designed afforesting pattern linked up with actual examples.This paper systematically elaborated the protection, design and construction of mausoleum ruins'park-building through adoption the study route under dialectical ideas of theoretical study—practicable study—Practical study, and discussed suitable principles and methods of afforesting and construction for the mausoleum ruins in Guanzhong region at present. Aimed to provide more theoretical and practical guidance for the relics protection responding to the harmonious society establishment, made the relics protection works furtherly carried out and satisfied the development direction of the world social civilization.