Research On Human Capital's Participation In The Distribution Of Residual Income And Relevant Accounting Issues

The paper adopts normative study means to do systemic research on both theory and practice of human capital's participation in the distribution of residual income as well as relevant accounting issues.The development history of enterprise's organization form for several hundred years also is the history about the vicissitude of enterprise ownership and the evolution of corporate governance. Hereinto, an outstanding change is human capital gradually participates in the distribution of residual income. With the arrival of the era of knowledge-based economy, this phenomenon is becoming more widespread. What is the cause? Based on related theories, such as the human capital theory,the contract theory of the firm and the knowledge-based theory of the firm, the paper sums up the characteristics of human capital and its property rights, and further argues the inevitability of human capital sharing residue. Then, the paper deals with the main kinds of forms and the corresponding features, in which human capital participates in the distribution of residual income.However, faced with the reality of human capital involved in the distribution of residual income, the current accounting system which was founded in the era of industrial economy cannot fully reflect the relevant information and is facing severe challenges. As an important form of human capital sharing residue, the executive stock options shows the puzzle in accounting especially. Therefore, through in-depth study on both expensing view and profit distribution view in accounting recognition, the paper analyzes the conflicts between the current accounting system and the enterprise practice, and then discusses the possible reform.