The Moral Hazard And Guard In The Social Medical Insurance Of Our Country

Since the establishment of the medical insurance, the question of moral risk has always been the major difficult problem. To be strictly, moral risk is an unavoidable phenomenon existing in all kinds of insurances(no matter social insurance or commercial insurance). However, moral risk is especially serious in insurance connecting to the health of people. Rapid growth of medical expenses is a universal phenomenon in all of the world. The aging population, rapid increasement of income, improved health idea as well as the application of hi-teck can all lead to the growth of medical expenses. But the most important reason is the moral risk caused by the drawbacks existing in the modern medical insurance system. That is, moral risk is not only connected with human morals but also the defects of system.Moral risk caused by the drawbacks of the modern medical insurance system has led to a series of harmful results. It brings out the over-cost of medical resources, bends the relations of doctors and patients, and leads to the inequality and discrimination between doctors and the patients. To be more harmful, it drops the social honesty and causes trust crisis, which increases the cost of communication among people. If we cannot find out a method to control the moral risk, it will finally lead to the broke of the whole medical insurance plan, and even affect the social stableness and development.The most useful way to reduce the medical expenses caused by the moral risk is to supervise simultaneously the medical agencies and the insurants. As we know, the insymmetry of medical information, the great ethical background and the indefinition of medical expenses, have greatly increase the supervising difficulty of medical insurance. It has been proved that we cannot control the growth of medical expenses simply by the enhancement of the supervision measures of insurance institutions. It is not the optimum choice.Through the analysis to behavior of the insurance institutions, medical agencies and the insurants, this paper has drawn a conclude that the fundamental reason of moral risk is the "third-party payment" social medical insurance system. Scientific medical managing system will clear up the soil of moral risk and prevent basically the happening of moral risk.At present, our social medical insurance system is still not mature, and related laws and regulations are imperfect, therefore, the government should play the positive role in the reform of social medical insurance system. At the meantime, the insurance institutions should also strengthen the internal construction and management. Only through the efforts of all parties can effectively prevent the moral risk of our social medical insurance market, and ensure the rapid and healthy development of our social medical insurance.