| When the ethnic tourism becomes the important constitute of the cultural tourism development now, the vision of anthropology field also turns to protection of traditional ethnic culture in the multi-ethnic area. It is well-known that the tourism is the superiority and the pillar industry of the west regions inhabited by many ethnicities. Therefore, the tourism becomes one of the most important industries to promote economic development in Xinjiang minority areas. But, following the high speed tourism development, a series of problems occur, such as the issues of development and protection. The traditional ethnic culture is an important tourism resource of Xinjiang. How to protect the traditional ethnic culture during the tourism development is not only vital to sustainable tourism development of Xinjiang, but also necessary for choosing the most suitable and compatible pattern of local modernization in Xinjiang. The Mazha village of Shanshan county in Xinjiang was titled the Great Historic and Cultural Ethnic Village by the ministry of construction and Ethnic Cultural relic Bureau in October 2005. It is the only ethnic history and culture village of Xinjiang. Mazha village began to receive tourists in May 2004. Since the place is being in the earlier period of the tourism development, the original relatively closed environment gradually changes to an opening environment, which will have a tremendous influence on the traditional local ethnic culture. Therefore, it is urgent to protect the traditional local ethnic culture during the tourism development. At the same time, it has certain model function regarding the other tourism areas development in Xinjiang.The present paper concerns the ethnic historic and cultural village—Mazha village,with anthropology inspection to understand the present situation in local tourism development, cultural communication between different ethnic groups, and mutual reaction between different cultural values. To explain the meaning and beauty and clarify the compact of tourism development on local economic society and the dynamic logic interrelationship among tourism development, local culture and modernization, etc. It states the fact: the lost local culture and the local ethnic group neglected benefit during tourism development will endanger the tourism sustainable development. The author hopes the analysis of the problem of traditional ethnicculture protection in Xinjiang tourism development be aroused through the miniature community research ,by which to find a better way to realize the modernization in Xinjiang regions inhabited by many ethnicitiesIn the present study, the Mazha village has been selected as the investigation subject. The paper adopted the Ethnology, Anthropology research method and Modernization Research Comparison research method and based on the theories of Ethnology, Anthropology of Society and Culture, Modernization, especially, Anthropology of Tourism. The paper is constructed out of three parts:The first part is introduction; it mainly introduces the surveys on domestic and foreign modernization and tourism, it also introduces the aim, the significance, the method, etc, of the present research.The second part is about the of traditional ethnic culture in Mazha village and the present situation in Mazha village tourism development, the influence. Second chapter describes the of traditional ethnic culture in Mazha village Third chapter is mainly about the Mazha village tourism development present situation, the influence of tourism development on the Mazha village local ethnic groups and inhabitant's participation manner of tourism development towards the positive and the negative effect on traditional local culture.Third part is namely on, the question of the traditional ethnic culture protection in the Mazha village and"The self and the other"—the harmonious coexistence? Through these two chapter of elaborations, to explain the importance of the local culture protection in tourism development. The author believed, at present, the tourism development has not destructed, affected or changed the local residents'life and the culture. Also does not unify it with the local ethnic groups'benefits. The tourism development must unify with the local benefit, this is bottle neck of the tourism sustainable development.The author takes the tourism for the point, ponders the particularity of modernization and tourism in Xinjiang inhabited by many nationalities by the pattern of modernized multiplication and the localization. Anthropology of tourism, etc, the interdisciplinary , as a new angle of view to examine carefully the tourism development in Xinjiang. Through the description and analysis about the case of historical and cultural village, through this microscopic comparison to perspective the question about traditional ethnic culture protection in Xinjiang other tourism development areas. To analysis about the present situation and problems exists possibly in Xinjiang tourism development. make good exploration on academic. This research will provide certain consultative opinion and method possibly for the elated government decision-making body, the tourism plans and control section.Although, the glamorous culture of the Mazha village, as a objective existence, once sparkled in the history, it was forgotten by the west culture and seldom known to the outside world. The village was pushed to the chain in modern social from an edge of the local society by the tourism development. How to contact and communicate with different cultural types? How to find the harmonious survival and development road of the local area? In current, in the vigorous tourism development tide, it needs not only explain the unique cultural system of the local culture, excavate rich historic cultural resources of the local place, but also treasure and protect the spiritual wealth of human. Hope the traditional ethnic culture blooms in the tourism development and in the modernization advancement. |
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