Corporate Culture Measurement And Empirical Study

Late 1970s, early 1980s, Japan's powerful economic strength poses a challenge to the United States and the European economy. In the international market Japanese enterprises made a great success meanwhile the European enterprises lost a lot market share. A large number of experts, scholars and entrepreneurs from Europe and the United States felt bewildered, they went to Japan to study and research in order to explore the mysteries of Japan's success. After study they found that corporate culture is the key to success, so academia and industry practice has triggered a craze of corporate culture. With the upsurge Corporate Culture, the study of Corporate Culture Measurement rose quietly and gradually developed into one of the main research direction of corporate Culture.Enterprise Culture measurement of corporate culture theory and practice is in dire need of further research topics at the forefront of development. In Hong Kong and Taiwan in China, there is localizing measurement research represented by Zheng Boxun, there are also some people who adopt a two-way translation and made quantitative research using the foreign measurement scale directly. However, comparing with already yielded results of the measurement of corporate culture research abroad, the research in this area has lagged behind in China. This paper seeks to talk about some related issues of quantitative measurement of the corporate culture, and made a exploratory empirical research of the quantitative measurement of corporate culture, hopes to be able to promote the development of domestic corporate culture measurement research and play a role of appetizer.Through study, this paper expected to answer the following two questions: 1. The development of corporate culture measurement, including the process of development of corporate culture measurement and the development status of corporate culture measurement at home and abroad. 2. The cultural conditions of the measured company, including how are the situations of the various dimensions of corporate culture, and whether the attitudes toward the various dimensions of the corporate culture of testers of different gender and from different sectors are the same.To answer the first question, this paper summarized the development process, results and development status of the corporate culture through literature review. Along with the development of theoretical research of the corporate culture, the corporate culture measurement theory developed into depth in the 1990s, and achieved fruitful results. But the different research background, different starting point, different concern and different study methods of the researcher created a multi-angle and multi-path situation of the corporate culture measurement study. Specifically from the organizational level and the individual level to sort out these research results: 1.Organizational level research include: Quinn and others built the competitive value framework based on the research of effectiveness of organization and the OCAI scale based on the CVF; Denison and others developed the OCQ scale based on the CVF; and the Netherlands cultural scholar Hofstede's research also belongs to this level. 2. Individual level research include: Chatman and others from the University of California constructed the OCP Scale from the Fit perspective. The construction of the VOCS of China's Taiwan scholar Zheng Boxun belongs to the level.Analyzing from the typological perspective, the results of the corporate cultural measurement study can apparently be divided into two parts: qualitative and quantitative research. Scholars represented by Schein consider that Organizational culture is multi-layered, can not be quantified. They advocate for qualitative evaluation through interviews and other methods from the study of cultural level and factors. But scholars represented by Quinn advocate to conduct a subjective measurement through questionnaire and scale. They stressed that such quantitative methods are conducive to large-scale comparative study. Currently, research is focused on quantitative research area, include OCAI, OCQ, OCP scales.In the corporate culture measurement study to flourish, it is also faced with its own development bottleneck. From the point of view of the areas of study at least two aspects should be discussed in greater depth. First, the choice of measurement subjects. Measurement study should first create a workable "corporate culture" concept, which is to resolve the issue of what to measure. The fundamental issue in this study progress and results so far have been difficult to accept by the practice. Second, the selection of measurement tools and methods. Researchers'understanding of corporate culture and the differences in their professional backgrounds, making this issue was engaged in endless arguments.To answer the second question, this paper conducted a research using the developed OCQ scale by Wang Guoshun and others through empirical study. The scale was identified seven dimensions of the corporate culture through factor analysis in the empirical research. They are enterprise awareness, staff awareness, sense of teamwork, innovation, core values, customer awareness and the objective vision. And the scale was detected a high Reliability through Cronbach's alpha method. This study collected data through questionnaire given to a state-owned enterprise, then collated and analyzed data using the SPSS. The company emphases on goal and vision, this can be seen from the higher score of the objective vision and core values dimensions. But in the realms of staff awareness and customer awareness the company had a poor performance. And the internal sense is not very common among the various departments. Those situations are in line with author's interviews.Measurement of the enterprise culture in China is still in the initial stage, Most of the research results focused on comments, few people have conducted empirical studies using specific scales. Although the author conducted an empirical study using the improved OCQ scale, there will still be limitations, which expected to be improved, because of the restrictions of the conditions of the study, the resources and the level of the author.1. Because of the limitations of conditions, this study used sampling of convenience rather than strictly random, causing various levels of sample selection bias great. In future, researchers can use more scientific methods for sampling, and use a greater volume of samples for Empirical Research. 2.This study collected data using the improved OCQ scale by Wang Guoshun and others, this scale is only used in one empirical study of a Foreign Trade Enterprises, its effectiveness and applicability need further testing. Therefore, scholars can conduct more empirical study using the scale in the future. A normal model is expected to be built, which can be used by researchers.