The Institutionalizing Course Of Modern Science And Its Enlightenment On Chinese Scientific Development

In the past three hundred years, the development of modern science has been profoundly affected and changed human society. Modern science has penetrated into every corner of social life, and demonstrated its intensive power and expanded its development space with the institutionalization scale, and created a strong protection system for its self-development. The institutional development of modern science is a major undertaking of human civilization. We can say that, like schools, factories, hospitals and other basic unit of human civilization, the institutionalization of scientific institutions also plays a important role during the progress of human civilization. At the same time, scientific institutionalizing are increasingly showing the pursuit of system innovation, as for scientific center country in the world, all of them have been made their own unique contribution to the system in the process of institutionalizing. Therefore, to become the next World Science Center, the first necessary requirement is a breakthrough in the system, especially in today's "big science" era. The development of science increasingly depends on system innovation, meanwhile, system is not confined to the role of providing protection level, more attention begins to focus on how to encourage and facilitate rapid development of science effectively.Based on this, this paper first defines the concept of scientific institutionalization from theory and practice aspects, and then gets a overall grasp from a scientific institutionalization of the global profile, and then takes the "Scientific Patriarchs" - the Royal Society as the case of depth analysis on the micro-mechanism, and then studies the status and problem Chinese modern scientific institutionalization, and bases on the combination of its own historical development and comparison with the international advanced countries, drawing some information absorption and learning from experience and inspiration, putting forward some basic strategy proposals, in order to further promote the process of China's science and technology system reform.Integrating the scientific institutionalization global context and case studies, we can draw the following conclusions: From a macro point of view, first, the choose of scientific research model should meet for the different development paths of countries, second, the system's innovation deducts the trajectory of world scientific center, and the third, the new pattern of interests promote science and politics to seek a dynamic tension of balancing mechanism. From the microscopic mechanism, first economic independence ensure the independence of scientific organization, second, scientific organization's internal adjustment conforms to the requirements of the times. Third, the reform is a powerful way to realize its ultimate aspiration of scientific organizations.History as a mirror, absorbing all excellent results, in view of the status and problems of China's contemporary scientific institutionalization, we give some basic strategy and suggestions:First, break the barriers of information and resource between research institutes in order to achieve communicating smoothly between national and provincial institutions about the human, financial and material. Second, rationalize the division of responsibility between academic organizations and authority bureaus by law, and maximize the protection of autonomy on scientists and higher education institutions. Third, play the role of intermediary organizations about community technology, and use the rich intellectual resources and integrated information advantages to expand the high-level professional capacity. Fourth, strengthen the independent innovation capability of enterprises, and increase the original innovation, and build a National Innovation System with constructing Technology Innovation System of enterprises as the breakthrough point. Fifth, during the process of institutionalization of modern science, we should pay attention to push forward the reform of management system coordinately.