Assessment Of Damage Costs From Airborne Pollution Of Industry In Chinese Province Areas Based On ExternE Model

Extensive growth model for our industry and coal-dominated energy consumption structure causes serious coal-burning air pollution. Air pollution brings about great harms to human health and the crops, which causes huge economic losses. How to use quantitative and currency means to assess the economic losses of industrial air pollution is meaningful for China which is still on an industrialization development road. The paper uses ExternE model to evaluate the cost caused by air pollution of industry of China. On the one hand, it is a useful attempt and exploration; and on the other hand, the results can provide evidences of benefit and cost for deciders to carry on environmental activities.The main contents and results of this paper are:(1) The paper analyzes physical volume of the industrial emissions and uses entropy method to evaluate the emission intensity of kinds of industrial air pollution comprehensively and uses the result to stand for the level of the cleaner production. We found that the middle of China had more industrial emissions; Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin and other developed areas had low emission intensity, the level of cleaner production was high; Ningxia, Qinghai, Guizhou and other developing areas had high emission intensity, the level of cleaner production was low which stated that the cleaner production related to the level of economic development.(2) The paper calculates and analyzes the actual atmospheric management cost of the 31 provinces. Overall, the costs on waste gas governance of China is quite uneven, the highest one (Shandong) is the lowest (Tibet) 3700 times; in terms of the composition structure of the actual atmospheric management cost, the operating expense of the most provinces accounts for 70%-80%, the investment cost is insufficiency.(3) The paper estimates the data of the ExternE model reasonably and uses the model to evaluate the cost caused by air pollution of industry of China on the basis of typical installation, the air quality standards and guidelines for environmental impact assessment of China, and state-monitored enterprises with exhaust emission. The results indicated that the industrial air pollution losses of China in 2008 was as high as 706.73 billions, of which human health damages accounted for 90.07% and crops losses accounted for 9.93%. Correlation analysis showed that the economic losses of industrial air pollution calculated by the ExternE model was related to physical volume of the industrial emissions, which proved the reasonability of the losses. The paper also made the comparison with the losses and management cost on air pollution of industry, and the latter was less than 1/3 of the former in the most areas. It stated that our investment on air pollution control efforts remained inadequate.(4) The paper uses the ratio of losses of industrial air pollution to GDP to measure the industrial ecological damage situation. The situation was not optimistic for industrial sustainable development situation in China. Almost half of province areas were over 2%. The number of Jiangxi, Shanxi, Shandong, Hebei and Guizhou was more than 3%, Shaanxi was even 5%. The paper also indicated that the correlation between the industrial ecological damage and the level of cleaner production was not significant.(5) The paper puts forwards some suggestions about airborne pollution of industry. In terms of the huge economic losses caused by industrial air pollution, the paper provides some advice from the industrial source to industrial process and the management after the industrial pollution.