Research On Asset Accounting Policies And Accounting Estimates In Listed Companies In Our Country

The accounting policy choice is a process of comparative analysis of alternative accounting principles, methods and procedures qualitatively and quantitatively, and then selecting accounting policies based on production and operation objectives and characteristics of enterprises in the range of enterprise accounting standards and other relevant laws and regulations. Accounting estimates are judgments on uncertain business transactions or matters based on the recent available information. Therefore, the accounting policy choice and accounting estimates impact directly on the preparation of financial statements and generation of final financial information, which will affect economic decisions of financial statement users relying on the financial information. In the context of continuous development of market economy and more complex and diverse of enterprise business, the accounting policy choice and accounting estimates have been concerned widely, and become one of the key problems discussed in theorists and practitioners.This article combines of normative study and data analysis, starts from the theoretical analysis, and selects indicators related to the major asset accounting policies and accounting estimates, which are widely concerned, in three typical industries in the Shenzhen A shares between 2006 and 2008 to do descriptive statistics analysis. The same indicators related to accounting policies and accounting estimates will be compared horizontally in different industries in order to obtain the industry characteristics, and be compared longitudinally in the same industry but different years in order to obtain the trends of appropriate accounting policy choice and accounting estimates.The article is divided into four parts:The first part describes the research background, purpose and significance; does domestic and international literature review; lists the research framework of the article; indicates the study approach and points out the innovation and shortage of the article. The second part summarizes the basic theories related to accounting policies and accounting estimates, then discriminates the related concepts. PartⅢstates the objective and subjective reasons of the existence of accounting policy choice and accounting estimates, and then makes the dialectical analysis. PartⅣanalyses the data on major accounting policies and accounting estimates of the representative assets in Shenzhen A-share listed companies in the descriptive statistical methods. Through this analysis, it draws relevant conclusions, which give us an overall understanding of the status of the relational accounting policy choice and accounting estimates in the three major industries, while provide important references for the further research in related areas and the improvement of relational accounting standards and system.