| With the rapid development of the national economy, in Liaoning province income of urban and rural residents has a steady growth, living quality and cultural life has been further improved. However, the vast majority of the current economic growth lies in the urban's rapid economic development, while rural economy growth is less than the urban economy. The development is unbanlanced between urban and rural.Particularly in recent years, the income gap between urban and rural residents shows continuously widening. Excessive rural-urban income gap, not only affect the province's economic growth, also affect the political stability and social development. For these reasons,it has a very important practical significance that research aspects of the current provincial income gap between urban and rural residents for promoting economic developing rapidly and healthily, and keeping social harmony and stability.This article starts with the basic conditions analysis of the income gap between urban and rural residents in Liaoning province from the reform and opening up,on the basis of the former researchs on income gap. With descriptive statistics analysis method, describes the history of the rural-urban income gap, and analysis the characteristics and causes of the income gap between urban and rural in each stage Overview its tendency appears the "W" type characteristics that reduced-expanded-reduced again- expanded again. At the same time using GE index method to analyze the contribution of the income gap between urban and rural to the overall income gap.The result is that in the recent years the contribution rate of the income gap between urban and rural in Liaoning province appears a growing trend. Subsequently, on the situation in urban and rural gap in Liaoning province and the country's main situation made a comparison. Concludes,the trend from overview, Liaoning province and the country's keep the same trendency fundamentally in the income gap between urban and rural areas, and presented on a yearly growing situation. At the same time, the gap in Liaoning province has been lower than the national gap. For Liaoning province the income gap growing trend, this article also made the empirical analysis of the factors that impact the income gap of urban and rural residents in Liaoning province. First of all,by the the theory of predecessors, combined with the actual situation in Liaoning province,analysis several factors which affected the income gap between urban and rural populations most, including the dual economic structural coefficient, the per capita GDP in Liaoning province, the proportion of non-farming population,and the second and third industries proportion of the GDP, employment structure, non-State-owned investment proportion of the total investment, registered unemployment rate in cities and towns, human capital, FAR,totally nine indicators. With these indicators as explanatory variables, ratio of income between rural and urban as dependent variable, through principal component regression analysis, research the influence of these factors on the income gap. Conclusion, in this stage, the higher level of economic development,more apparent of dualistic structure, faster of industrialization process, Liaoning province income gap between rural-urban residents is more. Registered unemployment rate in cities and towns also has the forward relationship with the income gap between rural and urban. Human capital differential is also the reason of the income gap between urban and rural residents. While the proportion of financial support to agriculture makes the negative correlation with rural-urban disparities, that is to say, the higher the proportion of financial support to agriculture, the income gap between urban and rural areas will be smaller.In this article's conclusion, for analysis of influencing factors of the income gap, combined with the actual situation in Liaoning province, points to some suggestions to reduce the income gap between urban and rural:First, to reform the dualism census register management system, enable the rural surplus labours flowing into the urban labor market smoothly; Second,developping the economy, increasing the Liaoning province's total economic output, improve the overall quality of the provincial economy and competitiveness, increasing employment opportunities, laying the basis for agricultural support. The third is to promote the process of urbanization, breaking down the dual split situation, address the problem of employment for rural surplus labour. The fourth is to expand the scope of the public finance coverage of rural areas, increasing the financial support on Agriculture and rural development, promoting agricultural production, rural development and farmers' incomes. The fifth is the development of human capital in rural area, encourage the university graduates to work in the countryside, while improving the overall quality of the farmers, take the "invigorating" path of development.The contribution of this paper is, in the past researches on national income gap study are more, on the provincial or district researches are less relatively, especially the almost difficult to find a comprehensive and complete empirical analysis research for rural-urban income gap in Liaoning province. This article uses the actual data, combined with the actual situation in Liaoning province, make an empirical analysis on the income gap between urban and rural residents in Liaoning province, hope to be able to provide some information to the latecomers. |
