Distribution Changes Of Chinese Apple Production

The distribution of Chinese apple production changed a lot during the past 30 years, and formed the distribution of four main producing areas called Bohai Bay, Northwest Loess Plateau, Yellow River and Southwest Cold Heights, which were not optimal. Especially, the development of agriculture has become pursuing efficiency-based from product mainly during the structural adjustment of China agricultural production. With the expand of fruit industry and the improvement of marketization, the contradiction of using land between apple and other agricultural commodities production become more and more obviously, which had important influence on the trend of the apple distribution and made the distribution of China apple production move westwardly and northwardly. But according to the principle of Regional economics, apple industry is the pillar industry of China's rural economy, in order to maintain a sustained and stable development of rural economy effectively under the situation of the declining farmland resources and limited reserve cultivated land resources, the key point is to give full play to regional comparative advantage, optimize the distribution of apple production and improve the apple production capacity and Market competitiveness. Just because of this analysis and judgment, the paper focuses on three issues: what about the situation of Chinese apple production distribution during recent 30 years; what is the factor and behind mechanism; how to develop the distribution of Chinese apple production in the future.In this study, based on reviewing the relevant research and theory comprehensively and systematically, use descriptive statistical and comparative advantage index to analyze historical distribution changes and spatial concentration of Chinese apple, and then calculate the regional comparative advantage of the main producing areas. According to the principle of distribution, region elements theory, producer behavior theory and theory of comparative advantage, use panel statistics to build econometric model, to explore the factors and behind mechanism of the distribution changes of Chinese apple production, and bring forward the corresponding policy of optimizing the distribution of Chinese apple production. The specific contents of this study as follows: first, it's the literature review, based on the related theory ,summarized the theories about the reason of agriculture production distribution mainly from the perspective of macro and micro; Second, based on statistical data ,this paper analyzes the distribution changes of Chinese apple on the level of the Bohai Bay ,the Loess Plateau and the seven major producing provinces from 1988 to 2008, analyzes the regional comparative advantage of the seven main provinces on apple production, indicating the comparative advantages of the provinces of apple production and its developments, and analyze the factors of the distribution of Chinese apple; Third, analyzes the resource, economic, market, technology, policy, location factors briefly, build panel econometric model based on related theory to analyze the factors on the distribution of Chinese apple empirically, and then summarize this study with proposals to apple distribution.The results of this study show that: the distribution changes of Chinese apple is distinctness, formed two advantage regions called Bohai Bay and Loess Plateau, the trend is the apple production area of the Bohai Bay becoming less and less and the production center transfer to the Loess Plateau. The planting area of apple in Shaanxi, Gansu, and Ningxia Autonomous Region of the Loess Plateau increases fast, which is relatively stable in Shanxi, Henan, Hebei and Liaoning. Estimating from the aggregated advantage indices, Shaanxi Province ranked first of seven provinces which has a strong comparative advantage compared with the level of the national, the efficiency advantage indices and net income per acre of Gansu Province have changed from negative to positive, the advantage of planting apple become more and more obvious, but the sale advantage indices of Shandong Province is declining. Meanwhile, the distribution of apple gradually centralizes to the relative abundance of arable land, fewer non-farm employment and high cost-effectiveness of the Loess Plateau. Apple planting reducing in Bobai bay is affected by natural disasters, non-farm employment, and scale of agricultural workforce and level of agricultural mechanization. Apple planting expanding in Loess Plateau is affected by infrastructure, scale of farmers business, agricultural workforce scale and economic advantage.