Study On The Preparation And Application Of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles

The unique properties of nano-ZnO materials such as small size effect, surface effect,quantum size effect, macroscopic quantum tunneling effect, dielectric confinement effecthave induced its wide applications in antibacterial materials, luminescent materials,piezoelectric materials, ultraviolet shielding materials, self-cleaning materials, cellcalibration materials, nanocatalysts and so on.The characteristics of nano-ZnO are closely linked to its own physical features. It is thehot issue in current research that the the environmental friendly and low cost preparationroute for nano-ZnO materials with controllable size and morphology through the wetchemistry method with a suitable surface modifier. In this paper, nano-ZnO materials withdifferent characteristics were obtained through the regulation of surface modifier, reactiontime, reaction temperature, water contents of reaction system and the additional amounts ofsurface modification. Moreover, the preliminary applications of the as-synthesized ZnOnanomaterials were also investigated.Nano-ZnO materials were synthesized by using ethanol and N, N-dimethyl formylamine as solvent, zinc acetate aqueous solution as precursor, hydroxylated styrene butadienestyrene block copolymer (SBS-OH), styrene maleic anhydride copolymer (PSMA) andpolyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as the surface modification agents through wet chemistry route.UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy (UV-Vis), fluorescence spectroscopy (FL) and transmissionelectron microscope (TEM) were used to characterize the structures and optical propertiesfor the obtained ZnO nanoparticles. The results show that the as-synthesized nano-ZnOmaterials could give an apparent quantum size effect with the better optical properties.The controllable size of ZnO nanoparticles were obtained through the regulation ofsurfactant sodium oleate and zinc acetate precursor molar ratio, by using sodium oleate assurface capping agent, zinc acetate aqueous as precursor and ethanol as solvent. ZnOnanowires could also be obtained through the further calcination of as-synthesized ZnOnanoparticles. ZnO/Ag nanocomposite particles were synthesized by adding AgNO3asanother precursor. UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy (UV-Vis), fluorescence spectroscopy(FL), transmission electron microscope (TEM), wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods were used to characterize the structures andoptical properties for the nano-ZnO materials. It is also found that ethanol could be recycledin this low cost and environment friendly preparation process without affecting theproperties of the nano-ZnO materials. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET)/nano-ZnOcomposites were synthetized by using terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol as raw materialsthrough the “in situ” polymerization processing in the3L melt polycondensation reactor.Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results show that the crystallization of PET could beimproved by the addition of nano-ZnO materials.