| Paulownia tomentosa (Thunb.) Steud. var. tomentosa (Scrophulariaceae) is a well-known medicinal hardwood species native to China and widely distributed in South and East Asian countries. Its barks have long been used in folk remedies for the treatment of various diseases and conditions, including gonorrhea, bronchopneumonia, high blood pressure, hemorrhoid, bacteriologic diarrhea, inflammatory bronchitis, erysipelas, carbuncle, upper respiratory tract infection, cough, phlegm, traumatic bleeding, parotitis, asthma, enteritis, tonsillitis, conjunctivitis, and swelling. In addition to the medicinal value, the wood of P. tomentosa var. tomentosa has been widely used for furniture, construction, musical instruments and handcraft industries.In this paper, we mainly studied on the chemical compositions of P. tomentosa var. tomentosa and biological activities by investigating the antioxidant, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activities of the95%alcohol (v/v) extracts and resulting solubles fractions from P. tomentosa var. tomentosa xylem. Meanwhile, we determined the contents of total polysaccharides, total tannins, total flavonoids and total polyphenols of the95%alcohol extracts. The volatile components of P. tomentosa var. tomentosa xylem were also investigated in this work.Xylem of P. tomentosa var. tomentosa was extracted with95%EtOH (v/v) at room temperature, then followed by partition sequentially with different polar solvents, then freeze-dried to give soluble fractions of n-hexane (7.23g, yield0.27%), CH2C12(23.85g, yield0.90%), EtOAc (3.87g, yield0.15%), n-BuOH (30.57g, yield1.16%) and H2O (41.38g, yield1.56%).To determin the contents of compositions of P. tomentosa var. tomentosa xylem, we used a variety of colorimetry. The contents of the total polysaccharides, total tannins, total flavonoids and total polyphenols in95%alcohol extracts were12.59%,33.78%,25.56%and40.16%, respectively.Antioxidant activity was evaluated by three in vitro antioxidant methods, including DPPH free radical, hydroxyl free radical and superoxide anion free radical scavenging protocols. As a whole, EtOAc soluble fraction and CH2Cl2soluble fraction showed stronger antioxidant activity. n-BuOH soluble fraction and H2O soluble fraction gave moderate effects. Meanwhile, crude extraction phase and n-Hexane extraction phase exhibited weaker properties.Antimicrobial activity was investigated using the Oxford Cup method, which were determined against four kinds of bacteria (Escherichia coli, Staphylococous aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Salmonella enteric) and two kinds of fungi (Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus nigricans). Results suggested that, within a certain range of concentrations EtOAc soluble fraction and n-hexane soluble fraction showed stronger. While CH2Cl2forwarded moderate. However, crude extraction phase, n-BuOH and H2O soluble fractions exhibited the weakest. Within a certain range of concentrations, neither fraction exhibited inhibitory effect to fungal.Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity was measured using the method of nitric oxide inhibition rate. The results showed that in a certain concentration range, the anti-inflammatory activity of the soluble fractions increased with increasing sample concentration. And the anti-inflammatory activity of each soluble fraction showed inhibitory effects in order of EtOAc> H2O>n-BuOH> crude>n-hexane> CH2Cl2.Volatile components were extracted by Soxhlet extraction methods, and six compounds were obtained including2,2,3-trimethy-pentane, phenol,2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl, hexadecanoic acid methyl ester, ferruginol,β-sitosterol, stigmastan-3,5-diene, and their structures were idenfied by GC-MS. |
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