Dietary Intake,Breast Milk Fat Content And Fatty Acid Composition Of Lactating Women In Three Regions In China,and Breast Milk Estrogen Content In Hangzhou

Breast milk is the best natural food for the neonate at the first6months of life. The WHO recommends exclusive breast-feeding for the first6months of life. Among these nutrition, the fat is proven to-be an important component of breast milk, supporting energy and important nutrition, which is the key to the development of neurodevelopment in infants. The polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are structural components of cellular membranes and can promote the infant brain development, strengthen the memory and intelligence for them. And the estrogen composition is one part of human hormones in breast milk. Different dietary patterns may have effects on fatty acid composition of the milk lipid fraction and estrogen content.(1) To investigate the fatty acid (FA) composition of human milk during the first6weeks of exclusive breastfeeding and their relationship with dietary intake in different regions and time points of China. Result showed that the fat content (%of total mass) in three regions were6.02%in Hangzhou,6.00%in Beijing and6.76%in Lanzhou. Total saturated fatty acid (SFA) in mature milk were34.69%in Hangzhou,37.53%in Beijing and33.74%in Lanzhou, respectively. Total monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) in mature milk were38.10%in Hangzhou,33.63%in Beijing and37.35%in Lanzhou. The total polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in mature milk were27.12%in Hangzhou,28.13%in Beijing and27.15%in Lanzhou. The arachidonic acid (AA) in mature milk were0.64%in Hangzhou,0.67%in Beijing and0.57%in Lanzhou. The composition of docosahexenoic acid (DHA) in mature milk were0.49%in Hangzhou,0.35%in Beijing and0.28%in Lanzhou. The composition of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in mature milk were0.31%in Hangzhou,0.81%in Beijing and0.18%in Lanzhou.In our study, the DHA, EPA composition of fatty acid in breast milk of Hangzhou were higher than other regions. Compared with the studies in western countries, the SFA composition in breast milk of China is lower.(2) To investigate the estrogen content of human milk during the first6weeks of exclusive breastfeeding and their relationship with dietary intake in Hangzhou. In breast milk of Hangzhou, the estrone content in day1, day14and day42was0.28±0.05μg/L,0.14±0.03μg/L and0.18±0.07μg/L. The estradiol content in day1, day14and day42was1.43±0.44μg/L,0.86±0.16μg/L and1.24±0.29μg/L. The estriol content in day1, day14and day42was3.29±0.23μg/L,2.53±0.41μg/L and5.03±0.63μg/L. There was a significant difference on time for the composition of estradiol and estriol content in Hangzhou (p<0.05).(3) We investigate the relationship between fatty acid (FA) composition of human milk in three regions of China and the dietary intake, and the the relationship between fatty acid (FA) composition of human milk in Hangzhou and the dietary intake. The results showed that dietary intake were found to be important factors affecting breast milk’s FA profile and the estrogen content. The lactating women should improve the seafood intake and reduce the SFA intake from food, which can increase the PUFA composition and promote the growth of infant. At the same time, the lactating women should control the estrogen content intake from food.