Preparation Of Carbon-Based Solid Acid And Its Catalystic Application In The Synthesis Of Rosin Derivatives

Carbon-based solid acid is a novel solid acid, which is prepared by introducing sulfonic groups to the surface of the carbon materials. Carbon-based solid acid used as a catalyst in the reactions with many advantages, such as high specific surface area and acid amount, good catalytic performance, less corrosive on equipment, and reusable. In his paper, the preparation of two kinds of carbon-based solid acid with different pore structure (ordinary and mesoporous) and its using as acid catalysts in the synthesis of rosin derivatives were studied, which provides a good basis for the solid acid to instead of the traditional liquid acid catalysts in organic synthesis reaction. Research work carried on in this thesis can be divided into three parts:(1) The carbon material prepared by using sucrose is easier to be sulfonated. The best catalyst optimum preparation conditions for carbon-based solid acid are as follows:sucrose carbonized at300℃for3h, then sulfonated by concentrated sulfuric acid at180℃for12h. The acid amount of the sample prepared under above conditions is6.65mmol·g-1. (2) The mesoporous carbon-based solid acids were prepared by using sucrose, glucose, furfuryl alcohol, and phenolic resin as carbon precursors, and nano-silica, γ-Al2O3and SBA-15as hard templates. The optimum preparation conditions are as follows:using sucrose as carbon precursors and nano-silica as template, carbonized at400℃for3h, then the result mesoporous carbon was done sulfonated by concentrated sulfuric acid at180℃for20h in a teflon autoclave. The acid amount of mesoporous carbon-based solid acid prepared under above conditions reaches5.78mmol·g-1.(3) The synthesis of rosin derivatives were studied by using the carbon-based solid acid as catalysts. The results show that the acid amount and porous structure is the two major factors for the activities of carbon-based solid acid catalysts. The mesoporous carbon-based solid acid catalyst MC400-SO3H shows a good catalytic performance in the isomerization, the yield of abietic acid reaches up to31.8%, which is close to that of H2SO4(32.3%) and HC1(33.1%). The mesoporous carbon-based solid acid was used in the Diels-Alder reaction of abietic acid with maleic anhydride, and the yield of maleated rosin reaches up to46.5%, which is higher than the traditional catalysts. But further studies are needed for the catalytic effect of the carbon-based solid acid catalysts in the esterification of abietic acid, maleic rosin acid and maleopimaric acid, and the bromination of dehydroabietic acid.