The Research Of Catalyst For Deacidification And Viscosity Reduction Of Crude Oil With High Acid Number By Catalytic Thermal Decomposition

With the depth of crude oil exploration, the production of crude oil with high acidnumber increased year by year. The crude oil with high acid number and viscosity may notonly consume a lot of energy in transportation but also cause serious corrosion to theprocessing equipment, even lead to safety accidents. Therefore, it is imperative to resolve theprocessing problems of the crude oil with high acid number.In this paper, combined with the present high acid crude oil deacidification status, theself-made catalyst is applied to the experiment to reduce the acid number and viscosity of KLforth vacuum distillate oil and SZ36-1crude oil in fixed-bed reactor to find out the mosteconomical conditions such as reaction temperature, space velocity, et al. We also studied theyield of light oil, the service life and catalytic activity after catalyst regeneration of thecatalyst.The prepared catalysts with six kinds of different active components were characterized.The main methods of characterization are: X-ray analysis, characterization of surface area andthe pore structure and measuring of mechanical compressive strength of catalyst. The catalystprepared by mechanical mixing has high compressive strength, large specific surface area andpore size. The properties of catalyst can meet the requirements of fixed bed reactor. Westudied the catalytic activity of catalysts with different active components and ratio to find outthat the No.6catalyst has more advantage on deacidification and viscosity reduction of CrudeOil than other catalysts. As a result, we choose No.6catalyst to reduce the acid number andviscosity of crude oil.The No.6catalyst was applied to the deacidification and viscosity reduction experiment by catalytic thermal decomposition and found that the most economical reaction conditions ofoil from KL forth vacuum distillate are that the reaction temperature is370℃, the spacevelocity is1.3h-1.Under these conditions, the acid removal and the viscosity decrease rate canboth reach90%, and the volume yield of light oil (the fractions of products oil before400℃after simulated distillation) increased19%.The most economical reaction conditions of crudeoil from SZ36-1are that the reaction temperature is350℃, the space velocity is1.5h-1. Underthese conditions, the acid removal rate can reach90%, the viscosity decrease rate can reach85%, and the volume yield of light oil (the fractions of products oil before400℃aftersimulated distillation) increased10%.The service life of No.6catalyst are also studied, and it is found that the catalytic activityof crude oil can maintain120h, in this period, the acid removal of crude oil can stay at notless than50%. Therefore, the catalyst has a good stability and a long service life. Finally, thedeactivated catalyst was regenerated by the way of washing and calcination, and BETcharacterization results of regenerated catalyst showed little difference with fresh catalyst, itsactivity was recovered to the level of fresh catalyst too. The regenerated catalyst can berecycled to reduce the production cost.