Preparation And Characterization Of ZnO:(Al,La)/Pan Via Electrospinning

Electrospinning is a rising technology for preparing nanofibers through polymer solutionormelt polymer with high voltage in the1990s. It has been a hot topic owning to its simple operationand special characteristics of a large specific surface area, feature-rich raw materials and structuraldiversity, etc. With further research, electrospinning has been used in industrial field gradually,such as photonics technology, sensor technology, catalysis filtration and medical drugsapplications.In this paper,2%(molar) La,5%(molar) Al, ZnO:(Al, La) powders were successfullysynethesized through sol-gel method with mixing zinc acetate dehydrate, hydrated lanthanumchloride, aluminum chloride hexahydrate then calcinated. They were characterized by X-raydiffraction (XRD) and Inductive Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometer (ICP). The ZnO:(Al, La)powders were ground on the condition of1500rpm,18h to obtain the dispersion of the averageparticle size of159nm. Meanwhile, the influences of concentration of polyacrylonitrile (PAN),spinning voltage, spinning distance and feedrate on fiber diameter, dispersion coefficient of PANfibers were studied in detail. The results showed that the concentration of PAN had greater effecton the nanofibers; the spinning distance had less effect. In addition, the optimised spinningcondition to get the smooth and the minimum of dispersion coefficient of fibers was concentrationof PAN0.15g/mL, spinning voltage20kV, spinning distance20cm and feesrate1.0mL/h.0%,10%,30%,45%,50%,55%ZnO:(Al, La)/PAN nonwoven fabrics were prepared under the best condition through blending with different weight ratio of ZnO:(Al, La) and PAN solution.Properties of infrared stealthy, antibacterial and UV-resistant of the nonwovens were testedby Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM), IR-2Dual-band Infrared Emissivity MeasuringInstrument and Thermal Infrared Imaging System, Fourier Transform InfraredSpectrometer(FTIR), UV Transmittance Analyzer. The results reflected the small bumps (ZnO:(Al,La) nanoparticles) covering on the nonwoven fibers’ surfaces increased with the increasingcontent of ZnO:(Al, La) particles, and infrared emissivity reduced gradually. Especially, theZnO:(Al, La)/PAN nonwoven fabric with the weight ratio55%got the lowest infrared emissivity0.793at8-14μm wavebands, which matched the background and showed good infrared stealthyperformance. Besides, it was proved that sterilization rate of Staphylococcus aureus andEscherichia coli reached99.83%, which meant55%ZnO:(Al, La)/PAN had good antibacterialproperties. The UPF value of all nonwoven fabrics got50+rating, reflecting the excellentultraviolet resistance.In a word,55%ZnO:(Al, La)/PAN nonwoven fabric was the multifunctional material withgood infrared stealthy, antibacterial and UV-resistant properties, which had nice air permeabilityperformance and good feel touch compared with the coating fabric. The multifunctional nonwovenfabric had good prospects in the field of military protection on account of its advantages of simplepreparation and low cost.