Investigation On Cryogenic Storage Safety And Economy Of Liquid Nature Gas

The cryogenic storage of Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) is a very important link of the LNGindustrial chain. The temperature of LNG storage is-162℃. For cold energy insulation andenergy conservation, its cryogenic tanks must be constructed with special structures andmaterials. At the same time, LNG storage process technologies and measures for the safety ofthe tank is critical. Therefore, the requirement of construction technology is high, andinvestment will increase accordingly. With the adjustment of China’s energy structure, theamount of natural gas increases dramatically. So the safety and economic behavior of largecryogenic tanks has become the major issues and challenges for the natural gas storage andtransportation industry.At present, the large LNG land storage mainly includes tank storage and rock cavitiesstorage. The tank storage is the main way. The LNG storage tanks can be divided into thestorage tanks on the ground and underground. Due to the flammability and ultra-lowtemperature resistance of LNG, the tanks have high safety requirements, which will result inhigh investment costs. Adopting different ways of storage tank types will lead to differentcost and safety performances, which related with respects such as local topography, locationand so on. What kind of methods and types of tanks can not only guarantee security, but alsoto maximize cost savings, are the most urgent problems investors should consider.This paper analyzes the current domestic and international cryogenic LNG storagetechnology comprehensively, including LNG storage and transportation equipment support,insulation, process design, material selection, and other key technologies. The terminal data ofthe practical operation of the domestic and foreign large-scale LNG factories, LNG receivingstations and LNG terminal storage tanks were compared. According to different types ofstorage, the relationship between safety and economic performance of LNG storage is foundout and appropriate optimization method is put forward, thus providing a reference for thedesign and construction of the building of large LNG storage tanks for natural gas storage andtransportation industry in our country. This paper indicates that the construction of LNG storage tanks must be integrated intoall aspects of the whole industry chain, including process, transport, regional economics,transportation geography, geology, equipments and safety conditions, combining with thecontingency reserve construction of an exist natural gas storage project. The analysis resultsshow that the energy saving technology measures can save14million Nm3gas, equaling to17548ton of standard coal in energy recovery. The contingency reserve can guarantee gassafety and emergency peak shifting in Shenzhen, as well as its own security and economy.