River Course Ecological Protection And Restoration Technology Integration Of Xiao River Basin

The river course ecological system is one of the most important ecosystems in nature. It is made full use by human to realize water supply, electricity generation, irrigation, shipping, landscape ornamental and some other purposes, at the same time, it is the habitat of aquatic animals and plants and the important circulation and carrier of material and energy. However, when the river course ecological system is used by people, it is also controlled and changed its natural properties by them. The result is that the natural characteristics of river vanish gradually, the reduction of biodiversity, ecological service function, the ability of river’s self purification and self restoring and the heavier water pollution of river.Based on the water resources sustainable use of integrated research project in Xiao River commissioned by Jinzhong Songta hydropower Co. Company of Shanxi Province, this paper will make Xiao River the carrier.Based on the study and review of river ecosystem characteristics, the survey on the water environment factors of Xiao River, combing with the water ecological system status and the social development and economic construction in each county and district of Xiao River, the river ecosystem interfered by human will be restorated, including the restoration and reconstruction of longitudinal and river bed of downstream, the horizontal ecologic system between the cross bedding of land and water and flood plain. Exploring the scientific and reasonable technology methods to solve the water ecological problem of Xiao River has great significance for achieving the sustainable water supply among the basin and the sustainable development of social economy. And the results can be widely applied to protect and restorate the water among the basin.With nearly two years’exploring and study, the following conclusions have been drawn:(1)Shouyang urban section of Baima River.The river water exceed the standard material is COD, permanganate index, ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen content. So the water quality restoration measures are mainly in the following aspects:①Strengthen the management, and protection measures, prohibit the directly discharge of sewage without treatment;②The relevant government departments should strengthen the supervision of Shouyang sewage treatment plant and examine the effluent quality periodically. Shouyang sewage treatment plant should increase the depth process or modify A/O process:add the hydrolysis tank before the anaerobic chamber;③When the mud in river bottom increases, it should be dredged by men or mechanics;④The aquatic plants and some fish which eat the underlying organic humic substances should grow in the river;⑤It should be a natural curved river dredging the channel, and repair the shoal, adjust the channel structure.(2)Mugua River and the upstream of Songta reservoir.The ability of water self-purification is general, but the organic pollution is lighter and water quality is better. So the water quality restoration measures are mainly in the following aspects:①Control the the discharging of wastewater from the upstream starch factory, furfural factory and the detergent wastewater contains phosphorus from residents in the vicinity;②The regular surveys on the growth of community in the import water of reservoir;③Some water hyacinth eating aquatic animals should grow in the water;④Set the biological filter in the import of reservoir.(3)Yuci urban section of Xiao River.The ability of water self-purification is strong, but like the Shouyang section of Baima River, the main water pollutions are nitrogen and organic pollution. Therefore, treatment can be carried out from two aspects:①Modify the main treatment process of Yuci Zhengyang sewage treatment plant of the treatment measures are the same with Shouyang section of Baima River Shouyang section.②Large aquatic plants in shallow coastal water zone will be planted in the Yuanwo dam.(4)Qingxu section of Xiao River.The water environment restoration in this section mainly lies in the control and improvement of the water quality of Rufenkou. Specifically, there are two following aspects:①River aeration.②The construction of aquatic plant water purification system.③The transformation of riverbed base, based on the dredging of sediments. (5)The river bank ecological system.The main protection measures:①Clear responsibilities and bidding contract.②Clear the methods of benefit distribution.③Establish the system of examination and approval.In this paper, the propose of the river course ecological protection and restoration technology of Xiao River basin is in in the macro perspective and considered only from the aspects of vegetation, engineering measures, given the specific circumstances of Xiao River, it declines to the restoration and protection of water ecosystem, these techniques are not the true sense of ecological restoration. To rebuild a healthy system of ecological river, in addition to the engineering and vegetation measures, the microbial must also be selectively stocked, the restoration of biodiversity and the reconstruction of biological and ecological chain. In addition, specific engineering and vegetation measures also only stay in the theory stage, which have not been implemented, therefore, there is no idea about whether the measures is reasonable and practical. At the same time, it is difficult to maintain long-term stability of the water environment with artificial intervention, therefore, it is necessary to further research on the stability of river ecological restoration management technology of aquatic systems.