Research On The Pollution Haven Effect Among Chinese Enterprises Of Different Ownership

Since the2008financial crisis, the Eastern region has faced with moreenvironmental pressures, the demand for high environmental quality has beenincreased, environmental regulation level of the eastern region has been improved,many polluting enterprises were forced to shut down, part of the polluting enterprisestransfer to the Central and Western regions. The foreign academic circles named thisphenomenon of "pollution haven".In this context, the research object is the Pollution Haven Effect among differentownership industrial enterprises, using theoretical analysis, empirical analysismethods studies on the enterprise ownership structure and the pollution haven effect.First studies the impact of environmental regulation on enterprise in theory, and drawsout the enterprise migration theory, massive pollution enterprise migration caused thepollution haven production; secondly three kinds of ownership industrial enterprisesmigration decisions were compared, the state-owned enterprises are not influenced bythe environmental regulation, while private enterprises are affected more than foreignenterprises; in the empirical method, using the new enterprise’s Poisson panel modelto test this phenomenon. The environmental regulation intensity index by the generalregulation intensity index and comprehensive environmental index, the pollutionhaven effect for the overall sample and three kinds of enterprises, then use thenegative binomial distribution model to test state-owned enterprises. Throughtheoretical and empirical evidence shows that, in China there is a pollution haveneffect, the central and western regions become industrial pollution haven. Amongthem, the existence of private enterprise pollution haven effect, a lot of pollutionindustry transfer of private enterprises to the central and western regions; three fundedenterprises have pollution haven effect is significant, but weak in private enterprisesand state-owned enterprises; pollution haven effect is not obvious. Finally, we put thesuggestions to prevent pollution transfer as follows: making a top-level design topromote regional industrial transfer orderly; Abandoning the ownershipdiscrimination to achieve common development for all industrial enterprises;Strengthening the source control, eliminating "three highs" enterprises; Improving theindustrial undertaking platform, improve the level of undertaking industrial transfer.