Synthesis Of Nano-materials Via Chemical Reduction With Natural Cellulose Templates

Most metal carbides and nitrides materials are widely used in the industry. Becausethey have the advantages of high melting point, high hardness, high chemical stability, highhot stability, high conduction and hot conduction. How to exploit a way which is moreefficient, low cost and control the micro-structure to synthesis carbides and nitridesbecome the research hot spot, because of development in study on the function materials inrecent years. Natural cellulose material is one of the most abundant organic naturalmaterials in the world. For using the natural cellulose as substance to take catalyst toimprove reaction rate and reduce reaction temperature. This is one of choice that it cansynthesize the nano-material of carbide and nitride with special structure.In this paper, we use natural cellulose as substance, to prepare metal oxide nanotubeby sol-gel method, though magnesium as catalyst to prepare titanium carbide andzirconium carbide at low temperature, And though carbon black as accelerant to preparetitanium nitride. The main research contents and results are as follows:1, ZrC nanotube preparation. Using sol-gel method and Template method prepareZrO2nanotube. Deposit sucrose on the surface of ZrO2. Though magnesium as catalystprepare ZrC at600℃. We find that magnesium is the most important way to reduce thereaction temperature. And the coated way of carbon also has a great effect on thecarbothermal reduction reaction. This material has good thermal stability at200℃.2, TiC nanotube preparation. Using sol-gel method and Template method prepare TiO2nanotube. Deposit sucrose on the surface of TiO2. Though magnesium as catalyst prepareTiC at600℃. We find that magnesium and tis surface coated carbon combination reactionhappened. They were synthesized into Mg2C3. TiO2reduce became Ti3O5. Mg2C3andTi3O5prepare TiC by situ-reaction. This material can copy cellulose nano-structure and hasgood thermal stability at300℃.3, TiN preparation. Use the same way to prepare TiO2nanotube. Using carbon blackas accelerant to prepare TiN material at1500℃under N2production. This material canalso copy cellulose microstructure and has good thermal stability at500℃.4,thermodynamic calculation and analysis of ZrC, TiC and TiN. We explainedmagnesium as catalytic in carbothermal reduction. And calculation the reactiontemperature of preparation TiN. Then we explain that why we get pure TiN and no TiCeven carbon still exist at high temperature.