The Constructural Research And Design Of RAM In The Heavy-duty Vertical Lathe

Head ram is an important part of the heavy duty vertical lathe. In the process ofmachining, ram by means of the cutter on the cutter holder contact workpiece,deformation of the ram directly affect the maching accuracy and surface quality ofworkpiece. The higher weight of the ram can easily lead to the deformation of other partsof the lathe, affect the processing quality of the whole lathe.This article is based on bionicstructure, topology optimization method design a new type of ram structure that has goodstatic and dynamic characteristics. Therefore, the design of the new ram structure improvethe machining accuracy of the lathe that is of great practical significance. The main workof this article includes:(1)According to the design requirement of heavy duty vertical lathe, this articleproceeds conventional design for head ram, then carries on the finite element analysis. It isconcluded that the deficiency of ram and hydrostatic guideway, which laids a foundationfor the design of the new type of ram.(2)According to various parts of the ram with different stress, it is divided intooverhanging and non-overhanging two parts, respectively, to carry on the design. First ofall, this article optimizes oil chamber of the hydrostatic guideway, and uses the method ofstructural bionic design to provide design ideas for the new ram. This article extracts thecharacteristics of stem plants, soft-shelled turtle and algae, and designs the overhangingpart of the ram. Then, this article carries out static analysis, stability analysis, modalanalysis and harmonious response analysis without the influence of hydrostatic oil film,and verifies the rationality of design. Finally, this article carries out dynamic analysis forhydrostatic guideway.(3)The use of topology optimization method determines the most economicalmaterial layout, then follows the results of topology optimization on the design ofnon-overhanging part of the ram. This article compares the mass of new ram with the massof conventional ram, and verifies the effect of design. Under the influence of hydrostaticoil film and no hydrostatic oil film, this article carries out dynamic analysis for ram respectively, and verifies the dynamic characteristics of ram.