The Study On Synthesis And Spectrum Analysis Application Of Nanoparticles Based On The Reduction Of Stannous

Owing to the basic properties of nanomaterials, such as surface effect, quantum size effect, macroscopic quantum tunneling effect, small size effect and other effect, nanomaterials had many fascinating properties in the fields of optics, thermology, electric, mechanics and magnetic. The preparation and application of nanomaterials became a focus of concern. Gold nanoparticles acted as the classic nanomaterials were attracting more and more attention in the fields of life sciences, chemistry and physics, which were also a popular research topic. In the paper, gold nanoparticles were prepared by the classic citrate reduction method, which can act as seeds and combine the reduction reaction of surface stannous ions, and then applied to the determination of mercury ions based on the change of the intensity of resonance light scattering. Recently, the fluorescence of gold nanoparticles with small size and exceptional fluorescence properties has drawn considerable research interest. Fluorescent gold nanoparticles have broad application prospects in the field of analytical chemistry owing to a set of special characteristics such as good biocompatibility, large surface area, and low toxicity. Fluorescent gold nanoparticles were prepared by hydrothermal method in our work, and preliminary explored the application in the field of drug molecules and heavy metal ions. The main results were summarized as follows:(1) Mercury nanoparticle formed from the highly selective redox reaction between citrate-stabilized stannous ions and mercury ions. As a result, the resonance light scattering intensities of the system can be enhanced and it can be sensitized in the presence of little amount of gold nanoparticles. According to this phenomenon, trace mercury ions in real water sample has been determined directly by resonance light scattering spectrometry. It has been found that the enhanced resonance light scattering intensities (△IRLs) characterized at395nm are proportional to the concentration of mercury ions in the range of0.1-30μmol·L-1with a detection limit of0.051μmol·L-1. And a novel resonance light scattering spectrometric method for mercury ions determination has been established in this article, which can be used for the analysis of environment water samples.(2) Fluorescent gold nanoparticles were prepared by hydrothermal method with citrate-stabilized stannous chloride, hydrogen peroxide and hydrogen tetrachloroaurate (III) tetrahydrate as raw material. The optimum excitation wavelength and emission wavelength of the product were at330nm and600nm, respectively. The fluorescence of fluorescent gold nanoparticles can be strongly quenched in the presence of berberine hydrochloride, and the reduced fluorescence intensity has good linear relationship with the concentration of berberine hydrochloride in the range of0.5-100μmol·L-1. Therefore, a sensitive and simple method for the determination of berberine has been developed, it can be applied to the analysis of real drug sample.(3) Fluorescent gold nanoparticles were prepared by hydrothermal method. The interaction between fluorescent gold nanoparticles and the copper ions demonstrates that the fluorescence of gold nanoparticles can be quenched strongly by copper ions. It has been found that the fluorescence intensity was proportional to the concentration of copper ions in the range of1-100μmol·L-1. Additionally, the quenching mechanism of the fluorescent gold nanoparticles by copper ions was investigated by fluorescence spectrum. A fluorimetric method for the detection of copper ions was established using fluorescent gold nanoparticles as a probe.