The Dynamic Analysis Of The Modern Luanhe River Delta

Delta wetlands.is the product of river and marine water dynamic interaction and one of the most natural ecological landscape of biological diversity.It plays a very important role in the maintenance of biological diversity, protection of rare species and maintain ecological health.Be at home and abroad in recent years, landscape ecology, landscape restoration in the study and protection of biological species is important to the fields of science study.But the study on river delta wetland are focused on the development of delta wetlands, such as the Yellow River delta wetland, the pearl river delta wetlands, and for the large number of small and medium sized delta wetlands is relatively less.Luan River is the major rivers into the sea in Bohai Sea region.Luan River delta is located in the junction of Laoting Changli county and is the relatively well-developed small and medium sized delta typical of coastal wetlands. Because it is located in marine biota and the intersection of a good ecological environment, rich in wildlife species and it is the other world-class habitat for bird survival and reproduction.It is also with many more bird of high conservation value, such as red-crowned cranes and other migratory transit and stopping places, with important scientific, ecological and environmental value.Since 1979, it was affected by various natural and anthropogenic factors and caused by the declining area of natural wetlands, with biodiversity loss, worsening water quality, wetland ecological functions gradually decline.Therefore,it has great significance for constructe wetlands the evolution of the wetlands degradation of the ecological environmental effects, explore the environmental evolution of degraded mainly to determine the wetland type of the best use of methods for wetland resources rational development and utilization of estuarine wetlands to maintain ecosystem health.In this paper,1979,1987,1991,994,1998,2002,2006,2009,eightMSS,TM.ETM and SPOT5 remote sensing data 1919,1956.1969,1979,four topographic map data as the main source of data,and use remote sensing software ERDAS, GIS software ArcMap. Arcview extracted from Luanhekou nearly a century of coastal wetlands in the dynamic change information, reproduced Luan river delta wetland formation.Combine which based on historical statistical data and field observation survey data, wetland dynamic process, environmental effects, the main driving force for the system analysis, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, each time the wetland degradation were evaluated, and based on evaluation results, the use of principles of microeconomics to determine the best use of wetland area is proposed wetland restoration of the major environmental improvement measures.The result of study shows as follows: (1) Because of the amount of water and sediment flow into the sea become less,and overlaying human activities,the area of natural wetland in the modem luanhe river delta was drop off. The area of artificial wetland is increasing linearly,natural wetland account for wetland gross area from 99 percentage to 8 percentage;The area of artificial wetland from 616.91 hm2 by 1979 have increased to 7043.78 hm2 by 2009,amount 6426.87hm2 in thirty years.and is 10.42 times of 1979.(2) Modem Luan River delta coastal wetland produced dynamic changes in the environment effect produced for the offshore marine areas of environmental pollution,marine abiotic environment destruction, wetland biodiversity decline and landscape heterogeneity is reduced, which is the main cause of human development activities on wetland interference with more and more intense, mainly through the Luan River upstream water conservancy facilities leads to build coming water and sediment volume decreases influence the development of wetland based, in wetlands for large-scale reclamation planting paddy destroyed original wetland ecological environment,besides interference factors and rising sea levels, frequent natural disasters and the Luan River mouth hydrodynamic tidal field around the change.(3) Based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and evaluation of degradation of wetlands results which combined with natural factors, social factors and human factors,the modern Luan River delta wetland degradation increased year by year.It has reached a serious level of degradation of the urgent need to restore the wetland environment and governance in 2009.(4)Use wetland ecosystem services as a starting point to maximize the value and on the principles of microeconomics equivalent which also based on the marginal,it illustrated that the maximum limit of modern Luan river delta wetland area for the development of 6300hm2.(5) Restoration of natural wetlands to restore the habitat survival main vegetation which is the core of the reconstruction of wetland soils, returning farmland to wetlands;Development and utilization of wetlands shall be strictly controlled under the premise of the expansion area, the implementation of "eco-fanning"to reduce emissions of aquaculture waste.(6) Implementate green production and reduce water pollution in the wetlands;Use wetlands resources comfortably, to achieve maximize the value of ecosystem services; Increase capital investment in wetland protection, the establishment of effective mechanisms; Increase public awareness, improve awareness of wetland conservation and rational use of wetland conservation.It is an effective countermeasure.