The Protective On Athletic Ability And Proteome Of Caenorhabditis Elegans In Microgravity Environment By Calcium Supplement

The characteristics about space environment are mainly a high vacuum, extreme temperature, strong ionizing radiation, microgravity, a weak magnetic field, etc. A large number of studies have shown that microgravity conditions of space can cause the organism osteoporosis, muscle atrophy and other symptoms of space sickness. Previous studies thought physical exercise and drug protection as main treatments to mitigate the negative impact caused by microgravity. This research assesses the protective effect of dietary calcium supplements for C.elegans under simulated microgravity from the aspects of its athletic ability, size, and calcium in body, then proceeding proteomics analysis by two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. The obtained results are as follows:Firstly selected the body bends and head thrashes as an indicators of the ability to study behavior of C.elegans. And find that body bends and head thrashes of C.elegans in simulated microgravity group decline by 9.8% and 8.9% compared with the control group. While calcium supplements and the simulated microgravity group only declined by 1.9 % and 3.2%(improved 7.6% and 5.7% compared with microgravity group).Researching effects on bady size changes of C.elegans under simulated microgravity by suppling calcium discovery. it could be seen that microgravity and calcium dietary supplements had no effect on C. elegans body length.While its body width fell by 28.4% under microgravity conditions, and fell by 21.5% after calcium supplement. In addition, calcium dietary supplements can improve the loss of C.elegans body calcium induced by the microgravity.Research the protein expression of C.elegans using two-dimensional electrophoresis. The number of 2-fold differentially expressed proteins in microgravity group, the calcium dietary supplement microgravity group and calcium dietary supplement group were 21.4%, 14.8% and 15.4% relative to the control group. Elected the spots which are both 2-fold differentially expressed proteins in microgravity group(relative to the control group) and in calcium dietary supplement microgravity group(relative to the microgravity group) to do mass spectrometry. Then do GO analysis and kegg pathway analysis to the proteins. Calcium diet recoved decreased expression of glutamate dehydrogenase, disorganized muscle protein 1, tropomyosin isoforms a / b / d / f and enolase induced by microgravity. While calcium diet induced a recovery of upregulation on alcohol dehydrogenase I. The dehydrogenase is involved in pathways of D-glutamine and glutamate metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, carbon metabolism, alanine, aspartic acid and glutamic acid metabolism and arginine biosynthesisce. Disorganized muscle protein I and Tropomyosin isoforms a / b / d / f are muscle structural proteins of nematode. Enolase and Alcohol dehydrogenase I are key enzymes in the glycolytic pathway. In summary, calcium supplements can protect C.elegans from the effect caused by microgravity by adjusting nutrition metabolism, energy supply process and muscle structural protein.