Transition Of Electric Activity Of Neurons Induced By Autapses

Autapse can not only change the electrical activity of neurons, but also modulate the behavior of neuronal network. Autapse can be described as a delayed feedback current in the physical model. Autapse is usually divided into chemical autapse and electrical autapse. For the change of action potential of neurons, electrical autapses are more sensitive and rapid than chemical autapses, since that electrical autapse is more likely to induce the neuronal activity than chemical autapse. Therefore, at first we discuss the role of chemical autapses and electrical autapses in a single neuron. The results confirmed that autapse could enhance or inhibit the electrical activity of neurons induced by the excitatory type electrical autapse or the inhibition type electrical autaptse, vice versa. The cooperation and competition between chemical autapses and electrical autapses help neurons respond to external forcing in a more reliable way.Secondly, we discuss the effect of autapse on the synchronization of the network in a simple ring coupled neuronal network. The three neurons are connected into a ring coupled network, and one autapse is connected to one of the neurons. By selecting proper parameters and time delay, neurons can reach synchronization, and the membrane potential of all neurons oscillate in the same rhythm. At the same time, due to the type of autapse feedback(positive feedback or negative feedback), we can make neurons to choose the appropriate electrical mode. This suggests that autapse plays an important role in the group electrical activity of the neuronal network.At the same time, we design a forward feedback neural network, the kinetics of each node is described by the Hindmarsh-Rose neuron, we study that the chain network induced by autapse generate wave, which transmit along the chain network. We find the local positive feedback of the autapse guides to generate stable pulse, and when autaptic modulation stops, the wave begins to disappear. This shows that the autapse excitation plays an important role in regulating neuronal behavior like a pacemaker. we detect the time sequence of membrane potential of neurons driven by autapse and the rhythm determine whether continuous wave could be generated or propagated in the chain network. At the same time the wave can be blocked by artificial barrier defects, so wave propagation depends on the properties of network.Finally, based on the Helmholtz theory, we define an improved Hamilton energy function and explore the transmission of energy in the Hindmarsh-Rose neuron with the different electrical modes. This shows that the energy function responds to the external stimulation current and the released state such as quiescent, spiking, bursting and the chaotic state. we find energy storage depends on the external forcing and energy release is related of the electrical mode.