The Change Tendency Of Electric Field And Ion Flux On Primitive Streak During Chick Embryo Gastrulation

Directional signals are necessary for the proper placement of the components of the organism in development, regeneration and repair. It is widely understood that chemical gradients are important directional signals in living systems. Electrical fields are less well recognized, which can also provide directional information. Small, steady electrical fields can directly guide cell movement and growth and can generate chemical gradients of charged macromolecules against the leveling action of diffusion. There are numerous other situations in which relatively long-range electrical fields have been shown to exist naturally. Recently, there has been substantial progress in identifying specific processes that are controlled, to some extent, by these endogenous electrical fields. Electric field direct cell behavior, and affect the developing embryo. There is a connection between the distribution of the endogenous electric field of Embryo and the embryo structure. The endogenous electric field depends on the existence of ion channels.In order to explore the effect of electric fields in the early embryonic development, Sodium and chloride ion flow and electric current are measured in every stage of early embryo in this study. At the same time, study the behavior of chicken embryos mesoderm cells and blastocyst when they under stability micro direct current field.Electric current were measured at two directions of parallel and vertical to s primitive streak of chicken embryo at three sites. The results show that the change trend of the direction at Stage 1 and Stage 2 is consistent. The change of the current is differences at Stage 3 and Stage 4.Sodium ion and chloride ion flow were measured at three sites of primitive streak of chicken embryos. Ion flow show the different modes at each stages. The change trend of sodium ion flow and electric current is consistent. The effect of the comprehensive of sodium ion and chloride ion is similar to electric current at Hensen’s node.Chicken embryo mesoderm cells migrate under the 200 mV/mm,300 mV/mm and 400 mV/mm voltage of direct current field, which galvanotaxis of trend to cathode is demonstrated. The directedness of cell migration reduce with rise of voltage. The persistent, track speed and displacement speed of cell migration are enhance in electric field.For mice cumulus oophorus, granulosa cells and the model of the implanted blastocyst respectively applying direct current field. Results showed that applying direct current field has certain influence in early embryonic section. Deformation of cumulus oophorus in the electric field is confirmand. But blastocyst has no significant response in direct current field.Through the above experiments, we concluded that electric field regulate the migration of embryonic cells, thus further profound influence on embryonic development.