Classification Of Hoplocampinae From China (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae)

Hoplocampinae and allied groups include Hoplocampinae, Cladiinae and Susan- inae. Seven genera and 106 species has been described and many of them are agriculture and forestry pests especially some species are important pests of some fruit trees. Because of the tiny body and the different habits from other sawfly groups - adult appear in early spring while the larvae live within fruits, classification of the Hoplocampinae subfamily group has always been controversial and the specific identification is much more difficult. Based on some morphological characteristics and part of the molecular DNA sequence, the classification and phylogeny of Hoplocampinae and allied groups were studied.The known species of the Chinese Hoplocampinae including 4 genus and 16 species are described in detail. A key to known species of the Chinese Hoplocampinae is provided. Among them,2 genus and 11 species are described as new to science:Denticampa rufidorsata Wei, Niu & Liu, gen. et sp. nov., Hoplocampa bicolorinervis Liu & Wei, sp. nov., Hoplocampa flavicollis Liu & Wei, sp. nov., Hoplocampa infuscipennisLiu & Wei, sp. nov., Hoplocampa shennongjiana Liu & Wei, sp. nov., Hoplocampa shinoharai Liu & Wei, sp. nov., Hoplocampa tenuis Liu & Wei, sp. nov., Hoplocampa xanthoclypea Liu & Wei, sp. nov., Anacellicampa nigroscapa Wei, Liu & Niu, gen. et sp. nov., Anacellicampa xanthosoma Liu & Wei, sp. nov., Monocellicampa yangae Liu & Wei, sp. nov.. Anacellicampa danfengenis (Xiao,1994) is a new combination transferred from Hoplocampa. The etymology, collection records, the distribution and host plants for each species, the citation for known species and diagnosis of all new species, as well as the figures of some external morphology and genitalia of most species are provided. The type specimens of new species are kept in the Sawfly Collection of Central South University of Forestry and Technology.Based on 15 morphological characteristics and COI genetic information, the morphological cladogram using PAUP program and molecular phylogenetic tree by using ML, MP and Bayesian inference methods are reconstructed. The followings are conclusions:(1) In all trees, Hoplocampinae always constituted as one branch and its monophyly is verified.(2) Hoplocampa chrysorrhoea is distant from other species of Hoplocampa genera which indicates the significant differentiation from other species.(3) Results of phylogenetic trees show Anacellicampa and Monocellicampa are closely related and they are possibly sister groups.(4) Representative species of Susaninae are sometimes clustered into one branch. But the branch was unstable in the system tree, probably because of less selected species. The monophyly of the subfamily is not proved in this study.(5) In the BI tree and ML tree, Cladiinae species except for Cladius ulmi are clustered into a branch. In the MP tree, all taxa of Cladiinae are clustered into a branch. The monophyly of the subfamily is almost verified. In the phylogenetic tree, Cladius ulmi is distant from other species of Cladiinae. Whether it belonging to Cladiinae needs further study.(6) This study does not support Priophorus and Trichiocampus’s monophyly. However, all the species of Cladius, Priophorus and Trichiocampus can be a monophyletic group. It is reasonable to merge them as one genus.