| The Microsatellite technology were used in the research about paternity testing, mating system, genetic diversity and population quantity, which would increase the knowledge of relationship among the members of the specie, reproductive strategies and the evolution potential, and which were facilitated for the in-depth research and protection of the species. In this paper, the fresh fecal samples of Chinese muntjac were collected on April 2014, July 2014, October 2014 and January 2015. Based on the preliminary identification in terms of the fecal morphology, the verification test was conducted by the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene (Cyt b), which can be regarded as a supplement to the species identification. We collected 634 fecal samples of the Chinese muntjac. The 390 faecal samples can be used 8 microsatellite loci with high polymorphic characters to extract DNA steadily and to obtain the PCR amplification produces. Individual identification for the Chinese muntjacis conducted by contrasting the fingerprint synthesised by the eight microsatellite marker genotypes. SRY gene was used to identify the sexuality, then the paternity test was carried out by the Cervus3.0. Analyzing the mating relationship between males and females, we discussed the mating system of the Chinese muntjac. In addition, according to the belt transect method and non damage Capture-Mark-Recapture method to calculate the population quantity of Chinese muntjac. The main results were as follows:1. The samples were detected by using the amplification products of the 8 microsatellite loci, where the samples whose amplification sites less than 5 were abandoned and 390 samples were preserved finally. The results show that 177 individual of the Chinese muntjac were identified in the 442 fecal DNA samples. SRY gene was used to identify sexuality. The result showed that there were 84 males and 93 females.2. The total number of 88 microsatellite alleles were surveyed through the 8 microsatellite loci, the mean number of alleles (A) was 11, ranging from 8 to 16, and the mean observed heterozygosities (Ho) and expected heterozygosities (He) were 0.9685 (Ho= 0.960-1.000) and 0.8429 (He= 0.799-0.887), respectively. The polymorphism information content (PIC) ranged from 0.766 to 0.872, with an average of 0.8214. The results suggested that the Chinese muntjac population in Gutianshan National Nature Reserves had a high level of genetic diversity.3. The Kingroup v2 software were used to calculate the relationship coefficient and the parentage test by the software of Cervus 3.0,24 parentage groups,24 mother-child relationships and 18 father-child relationships were obtained. The result of relationship analysis show that the mating system of Chinese muntjac belong to the polygyny. However, it is not belong to any known subtypes, and this polygyny might be called "check strategy".4. The results of the belt transect method showed that the population density in the whole area was 5.84±0.36/km2, and the number of population was 473.49± 29.19. On the basis of fecal samples, the non damage Capture-Mark-Recapture method were used, and the population density was 4.90±0.32/km2, and the population quantity was 397 (97.5% confidence range:371-423). The non-damage sampling method’s results shall prevail. The Chinese muntjac average values of female and male sex ratio between seasons in Gutianshan population was 1.17:1, anniversary was 1.11:1 (93(?) and 84(?)) (x2=0.458, P=0.499), the number of female individuals showing no obviously advantage, that is to say, the muntjac breeding groups have limited numbers, if we want to further increased the population, the protection should be strengthen. |
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