Studies On Air Bacterial Community Structure At Urban Streets And Wetland In Qingdao

Microorganisms(including bacteria, fungi, viruses, protozoa, and other small animals and plants, etc.) can be brought in the air through the soil dust, surface water, plants, animals and human activities; it is the key component of air aerosol. Studies have found that they are not only has important ecological functions and certain climate effect, also is closely related to the residents’ health, animal and plant disease; it is an important route of transmission of human infectious diseases. In-depth analysis of the diversity of air microbial community structure in cities, therefore, has all-important significance to improve the urban environment, the prevention of infectious diseases and ensuring agricultural produ-ction.This research adopts KC- 6120 air comprehensive sampler in acquisition of the samples of urban street air microorganism in the four seasons and artificial wetland air microorganism in summer from 2014 to 2015 in Qingdao city, and analyzes air microbial diversity through the 16 S r DNA high-throughput sequencing technologies, and get the following conclusions:(1) 16 S r DNA high-throughput sequencing of air microorganism from urban street in four seasons and artificial wetland in summer can truly reflect the bacterial community structure in the air, there are only a few species not classified cultivation and identification by human.(2) Bacterial diversity in the air microorganism is rich, they are mainly distributed in 19 phylum(Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Chloroflexi, Deinococcus-Thermus, Chlorobi, Fusobacteria, Planctomycetes, Verrucomicrobia, Nitrospirae, Acidobacteria, Elusimicrobia, Fibrobacteres, Spirochaetes, Armatimonadetes, Synergistetes), 64 class, 98 genus, in addition to the strain couldn’t be identified by database.(3) The air bacterial community structure of urban streets in four seasons and artificial wetland in summer have seasonal differences and regional differences. At phylum level, the advantage air bacterium groups in spring of urban streets are Cyanobacteria(45.09%), Proteobacteria(29.87%), Firmicutes(13.38%); the advantage air bacterium groups in summer of urban streets are Actinobacteria(36.02%), Proteobacteria(29.41%), Firmicutes(7.01%); the advantage air bacterium groups in autum of urban streets are Proteobacteria(35.97%), Actinobacteria(23.02%), Firmicutes(16.09%); the advantage air bacterium groups in winter of urban streets are Proteobacteria(34.69%), Firmicutes(27.98%), Actinobacteria(18.93%); the advantage air bacterium groups in summer of artificial wetland are Bacteroidetes(21.31%), Proteobacteria(20.16%), Actinobacteria(15.58%), Acidobacteria(14.52%). At class level, the advantage air bacterium groups in spring of urban streets are Chloropla(44.68%), Alphaproteobacteria(20.91%), Bacilli(12.67%); the advantage air bacterium groups in summe of urban streets are Actinobacteria(27.42%), Alphaproteobacteria(18.72%); the advantage air bacterium groups in autum of urban streets are Alphaproteobacteria(18.58%), Actinobacteria(18.41%), Bacilli(15.26%), Gammaproteobacteria(9.32%); the advantage air bacterium groups in winter of urban street are Bacilli(23.93%), Alphaproteobacteria(19.01%), Actinobacteria(18.01%), Gammaproteobacteria(10.52%); the advantage air bacterium groups in summer of artificial wetland are Alphaproteobacteria(13.27%), [Chloracidobacteria](10.52%), Flavobacteriia(9.46%), Actinobacteria(6.95%). At genus level, the advantage air bacterium groups in spring of urban streets are Chloropla(44.68%), Lactococcus(10.90%); the advantage air bacterium groups in summer of urban streets are Kocuria(6.31%), Deinococcus(5.69%), Paracoccus(3.62%), Rubellimicro-bium(2.48%), Solirubrobacter(2.16%); the advantage air bacterium groups in autum of urban streets are Lactococcus(6.33%), Kocuria(5.42%), Leuconostoc(4.51%), Chloropla(3.61%), Acinetobacter(2.79%), Deinococcus(2.22%); the advantage air bacterium groups in winter of urban streets are Lactococcus(19.62%), Kocuria(4.42%), haeunda-ensis(4.17%), Chloropla(3.70%), Psychrobacter(3.68%), Pseudomonas(3.57%); the advantage air bacterium groups in summer of artificial wetland are Salinimicrobium(8.61%), Kocuria(3.75%), Roseicyclus(1.57%), Wenxinia(1.36%), Erythrobac-ter(1.14%).(4) In different functional regions of the same city, airborne microbial community, conditional pathogenic microorganisms, and pathogens all had seasonal and regional differences. The air bacteria of urban streets in spring exists Leuconostoc(0.12%), Brochothrix(0.17%), Pseudomonas(1.65%), Moraxella(0.11%), Ralstonia(0.30%); the air bacteria of urban streets in summer exists Roseomonas(0.11%), Ralstonia(0.21%), Pseudomonas(0.13%), Bacteroides(0.12%), Chryseobacterium(0.11%); the air bacteria of urban streets in autum exists Leuconostoc(4.51%), Roseomonas(1.43%), Pseudomonas(1.14%), Acinetobacter(2.79%), Bacteroides(0.11%), Flavobacterium(0.49%); the air bacteria of urban streets in winter exists Leuconostoc(0.66%), Brochothrix(0.48%), Enterococcus(0.21%), Carnobacterium(0.19%), Roseomonas(0.55%), Pseudomonas(3.57%), Moraxella(0.32%), Acinetobacter(0.39%), Pantoea(0.10%), Stenotrophomonas(0.10%), Ralstonia(0.51%),Propionibacterium(0.11%), Bacteroides(2.71%), Chryseobacterium(0.86%), Flavobacterium(0.11%); the air bacteria of artificial wetland in summer exists Ralstonia(0.18%), Porphyrobacter(0.32%), Burkholderia(0.37%), Mycobacterium(0.36%), Actinomadura(0.29%).